A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria

Background: Severe malaria is a major public health challenge and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. Severe malaria is defined as life-threatening manifestation in the presence of asexual forms of Plasmodium falciparum in the peripheral blood; it is also caused by Plas...

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Autores principales:	Ibrahim Aliyu, Halima Umar Ibrahim, Umma Idris, Helen Akhiwu, Umma Abdulsalam Ibrahim, Ismail Inuwa Mohammed, Godpower Chinedu Michael
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2021
Materias:	children plasmodium falciparum severe malaria symptoms Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed7eefe63f884fcfaa0c7f33fa9ab228
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed7eefe63f884fcfaa0c7f33fa9ab2282021-11-12T11:14:59ZA review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria2321-668910.4103/smj.smj_44_20https://doaj.org/article/ed7eefe63f884fcfaa0c7f33fa9ab2282021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.smjonline.org/article.asp?issn=1118-8561;year=2021;volume=24;issue=3;spage=124;epage=128;aulast=Aliyuhttps://doaj.org/toc/2321-6689Background: Severe malaria is a major public health challenge and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. Severe malaria is defined as life-threatening manifestation in the presence of asexual forms of Plasmodium falciparum in the peripheral blood; it is also caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi. Materials and Methods: This was a 2-year point retrospective review of cases of severe malaria seen in the Emergency Pediatric Unit of Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa state, between August and November, for each of the years 2016 and 2017. Results: Two hundred and fifty-seven cases of severe malaria were recorded during the study period: 106 (41.2%) cases in 2016 and 151 (58.8%) cases in 2017. There were 156 (60.7%) males and 101 (39.3%) females with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. Their ages ranged from 0.3 to 14.0 years, with a mean age of 4.4 ± 3.6 years. Prostration was the most common form of severe disease; this was followed by multiple convulsion and severe malarial anemia. The year 2017 recorded more cases of severe malaria in all the age groups and majority of the cases were 5 years and below; and these observations were statistically significant for those with hypoglycemia (χ 2 = 9.834, df = 2, P = 0.007) and hyperparasitemia (χ 2 = 6.226, df = 2, P = 0.044). Majority of the subjects fitted with more than one form of severe malaria; most had two to three combinations. This observation was also statistically significant (χ 2 = 12.950, df = 6, P = 0.042). Conclusion: Severe malaria remains a huge strain on the health system; prostration, multiple convulsion, and severe malaria anemia are the most common forms.Ibrahim AliyuHalima Umar IbrahimUmma IdrisHelen AkhiwuUmma Abdulsalam IbrahimIsmail Inuwa MohammedGodpower Chinedu MichaelWolters Kluwer Medknow Publicationsarticlechildrenplasmodium falciparumsevere malariasymptomsMedicineRENSahel Medical Journal, Vol 24, Iss 3, Pp 124-128 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	children plasmodium falciparum severe malaria symptoms Medicine R
spellingShingle	children plasmodium falciparum severe malaria symptoms Medicine R Ibrahim Aliyu Halima Umar Ibrahim Umma Idris Helen Akhiwu Umma Abdulsalam Ibrahim Ismail Inuwa Mohammed Godpower Chinedu Michael A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria
description	Background: Severe malaria is a major public health challenge and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. Severe malaria is defined as life-threatening manifestation in the presence of asexual forms of Plasmodium falciparum in the peripheral blood; it is also caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi. Materials and Methods: This was a 2-year point retrospective review of cases of severe malaria seen in the Emergency Pediatric Unit of Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa state, between August and November, for each of the years 2016 and 2017. Results: Two hundred and fifty-seven cases of severe malaria were recorded during the study period: 106 (41.2%) cases in 2016 and 151 (58.8%) cases in 2017. There were 156 (60.7%) males and 101 (39.3%) females with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. Their ages ranged from 0.3 to 14.0 years, with a mean age of 4.4 ± 3.6 years. Prostration was the most common form of severe disease; this was followed by multiple convulsion and severe malarial anemia. The year 2017 recorded more cases of severe malaria in all the age groups and majority of the cases were 5 years and below; and these observations were statistically significant for those with hypoglycemia (χ 2 = 9.834, df = 2, P = 0.007) and hyperparasitemia (χ 2 = 6.226, df = 2, P = 0.044). Majority of the subjects fitted with more than one form of severe malaria; most had two to three combinations. This observation was also statistically significant (χ 2 = 12.950, df = 6, P = 0.042). Conclusion: Severe malaria remains a huge strain on the health system; prostration, multiple convulsion, and severe malaria anemia are the most common forms.
format	article
author	Ibrahim Aliyu Halima Umar Ibrahim Umma Idris Helen Akhiwu Umma Abdulsalam Ibrahim Ismail Inuwa Mohammed Godpower Chinedu Michael
author_facet	Ibrahim Aliyu Halima Umar Ibrahim Umma Idris Helen Akhiwu Umma Abdulsalam Ibrahim Ismail Inuwa Mohammed Godpower Chinedu Michael
author_sort	Ibrahim Aliyu
title	A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria
title_short	A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria
title_full	A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria
title_fullStr	A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed	A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria
title_sort	review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern nigeria
publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed7eefe63f884fcfaa0c7f33fa9ab228
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A review of presentations and outcome of severe malaria in a tertiary hospital in northwestern Nigeria

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