Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States

Abstract The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and led to nearly three million deaths globally. As of April 2021, there are still many countries that do not have COVID-19 vaccines. Before the COVID-19 vaccines were developed, some evidence suggested that an influenz...

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Autores principales:	Kelly Huang, Shu-Wen Lin, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chi-Chuan Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed99743376d040b8b32be234e2062cf8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed99743376d040b8b32be234e2062cf82021-12-02T15:00:25ZInfluenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States10.1038/s41598-021-90068-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ed99743376d040b8b32be234e2062cf82021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90068-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and led to nearly three million deaths globally. As of April 2021, there are still many countries that do not have COVID-19 vaccines. Before the COVID-19 vaccines were developed, some evidence suggested that an influenza vaccine may stimulate nonspecific immune responses that reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection or the severity of COVID-19 illness after infection. This study evaluated the association between influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study with data from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020 with the Claims data from Symphony Health database. The study population was adults age 65 years old or older who received influenza vaccination between September 1 and December 31 of 2019. The main outcomes and measures were odds of COVID-19 infection and severe COVID-19 illness after January 15, 2020. We found the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of COVID-19 infection risk between the influenza-vaccination group and no-influenza-vaccination group was 0.76 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75–0.77). Among COVID-19 patients, the aOR of developing severe COVID-19 illness was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.68–0.76) between the influenza-vaccination group and the no-influenza-vaccination group. When the influenza-vaccination group and the other-vaccination group were compared, the aOR of COVID-19 infection was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93–0.97), and the aOR of developing a severe COVID-19 illness was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.80–1.13). The influenza vaccine may marginally protect people from COVID-19 infection.Kelly HuangShu-Wen LinWang-Huei ShengChi-Chuan WangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kelly Huang Shu-Wen Lin Wang-Huei Sheng Chi-Chuan Wang Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States
description	Abstract The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and led to nearly three million deaths globally. As of April 2021, there are still many countries that do not have COVID-19 vaccines. Before the COVID-19 vaccines were developed, some evidence suggested that an influenza vaccine may stimulate nonspecific immune responses that reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection or the severity of COVID-19 illness after infection. This study evaluated the association between influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study with data from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020 with the Claims data from Symphony Health database. The study population was adults age 65 years old or older who received influenza vaccination between September 1 and December 31 of 2019. The main outcomes and measures were odds of COVID-19 infection and severe COVID-19 illness after January 15, 2020. We found the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of COVID-19 infection risk between the influenza-vaccination group and no-influenza-vaccination group was 0.76 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75–0.77). Among COVID-19 patients, the aOR of developing severe COVID-19 illness was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.68–0.76) between the influenza-vaccination group and the no-influenza-vaccination group. When the influenza-vaccination group and the other-vaccination group were compared, the aOR of COVID-19 infection was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93–0.97), and the aOR of developing a severe COVID-19 illness was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.80–1.13). The influenza vaccine may marginally protect people from COVID-19 infection.
format	article
author	Kelly Huang Shu-Wen Lin Wang-Huei Sheng Chi-Chuan Wang
author_facet	Kelly Huang Shu-Wen Lin Wang-Huei Sheng Chi-Chuan Wang
author_sort	Kelly Huang
title	Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States
title_short	Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States
title_full	Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States
title_fullStr	Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States
title_full_unstemmed	Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States
title_sort	influenza vaccination and the risk of covid-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the united states
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed99743376d040b8b32be234e2062cf8
work_keys_str_mv	AT kellyhuang influenzavaccinationandtheriskofcovid19infectionandsevereillnessinolderadultsintheunitedstates AT shuwenlin influenzavaccinationandtheriskofcovid19infectionandsevereillnessinolderadultsintheunitedstates AT wanghueisheng influenzavaccinationandtheriskofcovid19infectionandsevereillnessinolderadultsintheunitedstates AT chichuanwang influenzavaccinationandtheriskofcovid19infectionandsevereillnessinolderadultsintheunitedstates
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Influenza vaccination and the risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness in older adults in the United States

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