A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury

Abstract The use of close-fitting PPE is essential to prevent exposure to dispersed airborne matter, including the COVID-19 virus. The current pandemic has increased pressure on healthcare systems around the world, leading to medical professionals using high-grade PPE for prolonged durations, result...

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Autores principales:	Rikeen D. Jobanputra, Jack Hayes, Sravani Royyuru, Marc A. Masen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed9ef5127b1549eabca43e5307c3efac
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed9ef5127b1549eabca43e5307c3efac2021-12-02T15:07:47ZA numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury10.1038/s41598-021-95861-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ed9ef5127b1549eabca43e5307c3efac2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95861-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The use of close-fitting PPE is essential to prevent exposure to dispersed airborne matter, including the COVID-19 virus. The current pandemic has increased pressure on healthcare systems around the world, leading to medical professionals using high-grade PPE for prolonged durations, resulting in device-induced skin injuries. This study focuses on computationally improving the interaction between skin and PPE to reduce the likelihood of discomfort and tissue damage. A finite element model is developed to simulate the movement of PPE against the face during day-to-day tasks. Due to limited available data on skin characteristics and how these vary interpersonally between sexes, races and ages, the main objective of this study was to establish the effects and trends that mask modifications have on the resulting subsurface strain energy density distribution in the skin. These modifications include the material, geometric and interfacial properties. Overall, the results show that skin injury can be reduced by using softer mask materials, whilst friction against the skin should be minimised, e.g. through use of micro-textures, humidity control and topical creams. Furthermore, the contact area between the mask and skin should be maximised, whilst the use of soft materials with incompressible behaviour (e.g. many elastomers) should be avoided.Rikeen D. JobanputraJack HayesSravani RoyyuruMarc A. MasenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rikeen D. Jobanputra Jack Hayes Sravani Royyuru Marc A. Masen A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury
description	Abstract The use of close-fitting PPE is essential to prevent exposure to dispersed airborne matter, including the COVID-19 virus. The current pandemic has increased pressure on healthcare systems around the world, leading to medical professionals using high-grade PPE for prolonged durations, resulting in device-induced skin injuries. This study focuses on computationally improving the interaction between skin and PPE to reduce the likelihood of discomfort and tissue damage. A finite element model is developed to simulate the movement of PPE against the face during day-to-day tasks. Due to limited available data on skin characteristics and how these vary interpersonally between sexes, races and ages, the main objective of this study was to establish the effects and trends that mask modifications have on the resulting subsurface strain energy density distribution in the skin. These modifications include the material, geometric and interfacial properties. Overall, the results show that skin injury can be reduced by using softer mask materials, whilst friction against the skin should be minimised, e.g. through use of micro-textures, humidity control and topical creams. Furthermore, the contact area between the mask and skin should be maximised, whilst the use of soft materials with incompressible behaviour (e.g. many elastomers) should be avoided.
format	article
author	Rikeen D. Jobanputra Jack Hayes Sravani Royyuru Marc A. Masen
author_facet	Rikeen D. Jobanputra Jack Hayes Sravani Royyuru Marc A. Masen
author_sort	Rikeen D. Jobanputra
title	A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury
title_short	A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury
title_full	A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury
title_fullStr	A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury
title_full_unstemmed	A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury
title_sort	numerical analysis of skin–ppe interaction to prevent facial tissue injury
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed9ef5127b1549eabca43e5307c3efac
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A numerical analysis of skin–PPE interaction to prevent facial tissue injury

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