Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana

Abstract Background In Ghana, energy transition as a research theme is new. It is unclear whether energy transition has occurred or not, and if so, in what form. This study sought to find out whether this transition has occurred in Ghana’s electrical energy sector and how using indicators deduced fr...

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Autores principales:	Paul Osei-Tutu, Samuel Boadi, Vincent Kusi-Kyei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Energy transition Green energy Electrical energy Ghana Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade HD9502-9502.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/edc395b1dd9c41d4a05eb07d340573f3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:edc395b1dd9c41d4a05eb07d340573f32021-12-05T12:05:10ZElectrical energy transition in the context of Ghana10.1186/s13705-021-00322-42192-0567https://doaj.org/article/edc395b1dd9c41d4a05eb07d340573f32021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-021-00322-4https://doaj.org/toc/2192-0567Abstract Background In Ghana, energy transition as a research theme is new. It is unclear whether energy transition has occurred or not, and if so, in what form. This study sought to find out whether this transition has occurred in Ghana’s electrical energy sector and how using indicators deduced from literature, such as change in energy source type, change in energy ownership and management, and transition to greener vehicular transportation. Methods Information on Ghana’s electrical energy transition was obtained from thematic content analysis of Ghana’s renewable energy policy documents, energy sector reports, newspaper articles and information on the websites of Ghana’s energy sector institutions such as the Volta River Authority, Ghana Grid Company Limited, Electricity Company of Ghana and the Northern Electricity Distribution Company. Results In this study, it was demonstrated that two structural changes have occurred in Ghana’s electrical energy sector: (1) Transition from an exclusively hydro energy to a hydro-thermal mix, with thermal energy constituting about 69% of the 2020 generation mix; and (2) Transition from an exclusively state supplied energy to a state-private supply mix, with about 56% of the 2020 supply coming from private companies. These changes were motivated by the need to expand the energy supply in response to an increasing demand of 10–15% per year. The study also indicated that renewable energy had attracted attention in policy, with policy targets such as 10% renewable energy in the energy mix by 2030 and provision of renewable energy to 1000 off-grid communities by 2030. However, renewable energy currently constitutes less than 1% of the electrical energy mix. Also, there has been no change in the heavy reliance on fossil energy for vehicular transportation. Conclusions The study concludes that energy transition in its broad sense of structural changes in a country’s electrical energy system has occurred in Ghana, however a sustainable energy transition in the sense of a transition to greener energy has not occurred. It is recommended that further studies should be conducted on why Ghana’s renewable energy agenda has so far only been an agenda in policy with very minimal implementation in practice.Paul Osei-TutuSamuel BoadiVincent Kusi-KyeiBMCarticleEnergy transitionGreen energyElectrical energyGhanaRenewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel tradeHD9502-9502.5ENEnergy, Sustainability and Society, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Energy transition Green energy Electrical energy Ghana Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade HD9502-9502.5
spellingShingle	Energy transition Green energy Electrical energy Ghana Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade HD9502-9502.5 Paul Osei-Tutu Samuel Boadi Vincent Kusi-Kyei Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana
description	Abstract Background In Ghana, energy transition as a research theme is new. It is unclear whether energy transition has occurred or not, and if so, in what form. This study sought to find out whether this transition has occurred in Ghana’s electrical energy sector and how using indicators deduced from literature, such as change in energy source type, change in energy ownership and management, and transition to greener vehicular transportation. Methods Information on Ghana’s electrical energy transition was obtained from thematic content analysis of Ghana’s renewable energy policy documents, energy sector reports, newspaper articles and information on the websites of Ghana’s energy sector institutions such as the Volta River Authority, Ghana Grid Company Limited, Electricity Company of Ghana and the Northern Electricity Distribution Company. Results In this study, it was demonstrated that two structural changes have occurred in Ghana’s electrical energy sector: (1) Transition from an exclusively hydro energy to a hydro-thermal mix, with thermal energy constituting about 69% of the 2020 generation mix; and (2) Transition from an exclusively state supplied energy to a state-private supply mix, with about 56% of the 2020 supply coming from private companies. These changes were motivated by the need to expand the energy supply in response to an increasing demand of 10–15% per year. The study also indicated that renewable energy had attracted attention in policy, with policy targets such as 10% renewable energy in the energy mix by 2030 and provision of renewable energy to 1000 off-grid communities by 2030. However, renewable energy currently constitutes less than 1% of the electrical energy mix. Also, there has been no change in the heavy reliance on fossil energy for vehicular transportation. Conclusions The study concludes that energy transition in its broad sense of structural changes in a country’s electrical energy system has occurred in Ghana, however a sustainable energy transition in the sense of a transition to greener energy has not occurred. It is recommended that further studies should be conducted on why Ghana’s renewable energy agenda has so far only been an agenda in policy with very minimal implementation in practice.
format	article
author	Paul Osei-Tutu Samuel Boadi Vincent Kusi-Kyei
author_facet	Paul Osei-Tutu Samuel Boadi Vincent Kusi-Kyei
author_sort	Paul Osei-Tutu
title	Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana
title_short	Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana
title_full	Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana
title_fullStr	Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana
title_full_unstemmed	Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana
title_sort	electrical energy transition in the context of ghana
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/edc395b1dd9c41d4a05eb07d340573f3
work_keys_str_mv	AT pauloseitutu electricalenergytransitioninthecontextofghana AT samuelboadi electricalenergytransitioninthecontextofghana AT vincentkusikyei electricalenergytransitioninthecontextofghana
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Electrical energy transition in the context of Ghana

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