Clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification

Abstract Choroidal imaging investigation techniques were very limited until 2–3 decades ago. Fluorescein angiography (FA) was not suited for the analysis of the choroidal compartment and B-scan ultrasonography did not provide enough accuracy. It was on this background that a purely phenomenological...

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Autores principales: Carl P. Herbort, Piergiorgio Neri, Ioannis Papasavvas
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Publicado: SpringerOpen 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:edd124c5f38a466bb5724b8f250010a92021-11-21T12:25:47ZClinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification10.1186/s12348-021-00274-y1869-5760https://doaj.org/article/edd124c5f38a466bb5724b8f250010a92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12348-021-00274-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1869-5760Abstract Choroidal imaging investigation techniques were very limited until 2–3 decades ago. Fluorescein angiography (FA) was not suited for the analysis of the choroidal compartment and B-scan ultrasonography did not provide enough accuracy. It was on this background that a purely phenomenological approach was attempted to classify these choroiditis diseases by regrouping them under the vague potpourri term of “white dot syndromes”. With the availability of precise investigational modalities of choroidal inflammation or choroiditis-induced lesions, such as indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) it became possible to better classify these diseases based on clinico-pathological mechanisms rather than on purely phenomenological observation. Recently OCT-angiography has implemented the armamentarium of diagnostic techniques possibly also contributing to the classification of choroidal inflammatory diseases. Based on pioneering pragmatism, the aim of this article was to give a clear classification of non-infectious choroiditis. Thanks to new imaging investigations of the choroid, it is now possible to classify and understand the diverse clinicopathological mechanisms in the group of non-infectious choroiditis entities.Carl P. HerbortPiergiorgio NeriIoannis PapasavvasSpringerOpenarticleFluorescein angiography (FA)Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT)Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS)Acute posterior multifocal Placoid pigment Epitheliopathy (APMPPE)OphthalmologyRE1-994ENJournal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Fluorescein angiography (FA)
Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)
Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT)
Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS)
Acute posterior multifocal Placoid pigment Epitheliopathy (APMPPE)
Ophthalmology
RE1-994
spellingShingle Fluorescein angiography (FA)
Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)
Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT)
Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS)
Acute posterior multifocal Placoid pigment Epitheliopathy (APMPPE)
Ophthalmology
RE1-994
Carl P. Herbort
Piergiorgio Neri
Ioannis Papasavvas
Clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification
description Abstract Choroidal imaging investigation techniques were very limited until 2–3 decades ago. Fluorescein angiography (FA) was not suited for the analysis of the choroidal compartment and B-scan ultrasonography did not provide enough accuracy. It was on this background that a purely phenomenological approach was attempted to classify these choroiditis diseases by regrouping them under the vague potpourri term of “white dot syndromes”. With the availability of precise investigational modalities of choroidal inflammation or choroiditis-induced lesions, such as indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) it became possible to better classify these diseases based on clinico-pathological mechanisms rather than on purely phenomenological observation. Recently OCT-angiography has implemented the armamentarium of diagnostic techniques possibly also contributing to the classification of choroidal inflammatory diseases. Based on pioneering pragmatism, the aim of this article was to give a clear classification of non-infectious choroiditis. Thanks to new imaging investigations of the choroid, it is now possible to classify and understand the diverse clinicopathological mechanisms in the group of non-infectious choroiditis entities.
format article
author Carl P. Herbort
Piergiorgio Neri
Ioannis Papasavvas
author_facet Carl P. Herbort
Piergiorgio Neri
Ioannis Papasavvas
author_sort Carl P. Herbort
title Clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification
title_short Clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification
title_full Clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification
title_fullStr Clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification
title_full_unstemmed Clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification
title_sort clinicopathology of non-infectious choroiditis: evolution of its appraisal during the last 2–3 decades from “white dot syndromes” to precise classification
publisher SpringerOpen
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/edd124c5f38a466bb5724b8f250010a9
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