Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses

Abstract The blood–brain barrier (BBB) opening induced by electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) may be a drug delivery strategy of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the mechanism of EMP-induced BBB opening is still ambiguous. Previous studies have shown the relation between the external field...

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Autores principales:	Shan Wang, Zhongguo Song, Huiping Li, Guozhen Guo, Xiaoli Xi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ede00032f6254b5081ca607c1e538799
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ede00032f6254b5081ca607c1e5387992021-12-02T15:08:11ZNumerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses10.1038/s41598-021-96059-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ede00032f6254b5081ca607c1e5387992021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96059-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The blood–brain barrier (BBB) opening induced by electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) may be a drug delivery strategy of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the mechanism of EMP-induced BBB opening is still ambiguous. Previous studies have shown the relation between the external field and the extent of BBB permeation (referred to as the effect), while the connection between the internal field and the effect remains unknown. Here, the influence of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with EMPs is investigated, the dielectric parameters of the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) and structural parameters of the spherical brain are adjusted, and the field distribution in the brain illuminated by EMPs at the frequency range of 0–0.5 GHz is simulated based on the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite. The results show that the average electric field in the brain is about 1/100–1/5 of the incident field within the studied frequency range, individual differences have little effect on the field distribution in the human brain; and thus, it is reliable to establish the connection between the internal field and the effect, which is of great theoretical significance for further study of the mechanism of an EMP on the brain.Shan WangZhongguo SongHuiping LiGuozhen GuoXiaoli XiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shan Wang Zhongguo Song Huiping Li Guozhen Guo Xiaoli Xi Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses
description	Abstract The blood–brain barrier (BBB) opening induced by electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) may be a drug delivery strategy of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the mechanism of EMP-induced BBB opening is still ambiguous. Previous studies have shown the relation between the external field and the extent of BBB permeation (referred to as the effect), while the connection between the internal field and the effect remains unknown. Here, the influence of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with EMPs is investigated, the dielectric parameters of the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) and structural parameters of the spherical brain are adjusted, and the field distribution in the brain illuminated by EMPs at the frequency range of 0–0.5 GHz is simulated based on the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite. The results show that the average electric field in the brain is about 1/100–1/5 of the incident field within the studied frequency range, individual differences have little effect on the field distribution in the human brain; and thus, it is reliable to establish the connection between the internal field and the effect, which is of great theoretical significance for further study of the mechanism of an EMP on the brain.
format	article
author	Shan Wang Zhongguo Song Huiping Li Guozhen Guo Xiaoli Xi
author_facet	Shan Wang Zhongguo Song Huiping Li Guozhen Guo Xiaoli Xi
author_sort	Shan Wang
title	Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses
title_short	Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses
title_full	Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses
title_fullStr	Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses
title_full_unstemmed	Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses
title_sort	numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ede00032f6254b5081ca607c1e538799
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Numerical simulation and analysis of effects of individual differences on the field distribution in the human brain with electromagnetic pulses

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