Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas

Abstract Many calderas show repeated unrest over centuries. Though probably induced by magma, this unique behaviour is not understood and its dynamics remains elusive. To better understand these restless calderas, we interpret deformation data and build thermal models of Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy...

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Autores principales:	Antonella Amoruso, Luca Crescentini, Massimo D’Antonio, Valerio Acocella
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/edf0aaa775fc441394f99fa88eedff0d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:edf0aaa775fc441394f99fa88eedff0d2021-12-02T12:31:54ZThermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas10.1038/s41598-017-08638-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/edf0aaa775fc441394f99fa88eedff0d2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08638-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Many calderas show repeated unrest over centuries. Though probably induced by magma, this unique behaviour is not understood and its dynamics remains elusive. To better understand these restless calderas, we interpret deformation data and build thermal models of Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy. Campi Flegrei experienced at least 4 major unrest episodes in the last decades. Our results indicate that the inflation and deflation of magmatic sources at the same location explain most deformation, at least since the build-up of the last 1538 AD eruption. However, such a repeated magma emplacement requires a persistently hot crust. Our thermal models show that this repeated emplacement was assisted by the thermal anomaly created by magma that was intruded at shallow depth ~3 ka before the last eruption. This may explain the persistence of the magmatic sources promoting the restless behaviour of the Campi Flegrei caldera; moreover, it explains the crystallization, re-melting and mixing among compositionally distinct magmas recorded in young volcanic rocks. Our model of thermally-assisted unrest may have a wider applicability, possibly explaining also the dynamics of other restless calderas.Antonella AmorusoLuca CrescentiniMassimo D’AntonioValerio AcocellaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Antonella Amoruso Luca Crescentini Massimo D’Antonio Valerio Acocella Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas
description	Abstract Many calderas show repeated unrest over centuries. Though probably induced by magma, this unique behaviour is not understood and its dynamics remains elusive. To better understand these restless calderas, we interpret deformation data and build thermal models of Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy. Campi Flegrei experienced at least 4 major unrest episodes in the last decades. Our results indicate that the inflation and deflation of magmatic sources at the same location explain most deformation, at least since the build-up of the last 1538 AD eruption. However, such a repeated magma emplacement requires a persistently hot crust. Our thermal models show that this repeated emplacement was assisted by the thermal anomaly created by magma that was intruded at shallow depth ~3 ka before the last eruption. This may explain the persistence of the magmatic sources promoting the restless behaviour of the Campi Flegrei caldera; moreover, it explains the crystallization, re-melting and mixing among compositionally distinct magmas recorded in young volcanic rocks. Our model of thermally-assisted unrest may have a wider applicability, possibly explaining also the dynamics of other restless calderas.
format	article
author	Antonella Amoruso Luca Crescentini Massimo D’Antonio Valerio Acocella
author_facet	Antonella Amoruso Luca Crescentini Massimo D’Antonio Valerio Acocella
author_sort	Antonella Amoruso
title	Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas
title_short	Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas
title_full	Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas
title_fullStr	Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas
title_full_unstemmed	Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas
title_sort	thermally-assisted magma emplacement explains restless calderas
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/edf0aaa775fc441394f99fa88eedff0d
work_keys_str_mv	AT antonellaamoruso thermallyassistedmagmaemplacementexplainsrestlesscalderas AT lucacrescentini thermallyassistedmagmaemplacementexplainsrestlesscalderas AT massimodantonio thermallyassistedmagmaemplacementexplainsrestlesscalderas AT valerioacocella thermallyassistedmagmaemplacementexplainsrestlesscalderas
_version_	1718394251831672832

Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas

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