Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics

Richa Singh,1 Priyanka Wagh,1 Sweety Wadhwani,1 Sharvari Gaidhani,2 Avinash Kumbhar,3 Jayesh Bellare,4 Balu Ananda Chopade1 1Department of Microbiology, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 2Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 3Depart...

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Autores principales:	Singh R, Wagh P, Wadhwani S, Gaidhani S, Kumbhar A, Bellare J, Chopade BA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ee19c1372fd0484199a2fb4647a3d180
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ee19c1372fd0484199a2fb4647a3d1802021-12-02T07:37:57ZSynthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/ee19c1372fd0484199a2fb4647a3d1802013-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/synthesis-optimization-and-characterization-of-silver-nanoparticles-fr-a14906https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Richa Singh,1 Priyanka Wagh,1 Sweety Wadhwani,1 Sharvari Gaidhani,2 Avinash Kumbhar,3 Jayesh Bellare,4 Balu Ananda Chopade1 1Department of Microbiology, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 2Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 3Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 4Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Background: The development of nontoxic methods of synthesizing nanoparticles is a major step in nanotechnology to allow their application in nanomedicine. The present study aims to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a cell-free extract of Acinetobacter spp. and evaluate their antibacterial activity. Methods: Eighteen strains of Acinetobacter were screened for AgNP synthesis. AgNPs were characterized using various techniques. Reaction parameters were optimized, and their effect on the morphology of AgNPs was studied. The synergistic potential of AgNPs on 14 antibiotics against seven pathogens was determined by disc-diffusion, broth-microdilution, and minimum bactericidal concentration assays. The efficacy of AgNPs was evaluated as per the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoints of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Only A. calcoaceticus LRVP54 produced AgNPs within 24 hours. Monodisperse spherical nanoparticles of 8–12 nm were obtained with 0.7 mM silver nitrate at 70°C. During optimization, a blue-shift in ultraviolet-visible spectra was seen. X-ray diffraction data and lattice fringes (d =0.23 nm) observed under high-resolution transmission electron microscope confirmed the crystallinity of AgNPs. These AgNPs were found to be more effective against Gram-negative compared with Gram-positive microorganisms. Overall, AgNPs showed the highest synergy with vancomycin in the disc-diffusion assay. For Enterobacter aerogenes, a 3.8-fold increase in inhibition zone area was observed after the addition of AgNPs with vancomycin. Reduction in MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration was observed on exposure of AgNPs with antibiotics. Interestingly, multidrug-resistant A. baumannii was highly sensitized in the presence of AgNPs and became susceptible to antibiotics except cephalosporins. Similarly, the vancomycin-resistant strain of Streptococcus mutans was also found to be susceptible to antibiotic treatment when AgNPs were added. These biogenic AgNPs showed significant synergistic activity on the β-lactam class of antibiotics. Conclusion: This is the first report of synthesis of AgNPs using A. calcoaceticus LRVP54 and their significant synergistic activity with antibiotics resulting in increased susceptibility of multidrug-resistant bacteria evaluated as per MIC breakpoints of the CLSI standard. Keywords: Ag nanoparticles, lattice fringes, disc-diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, synergistic activitySingh RWagh PWadhwani SGaidhani SKumbhar ABellare JChopade BADove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2013, Iss Issue 1, Pp 4277-4290 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Singh R Wagh P Wadhwani S Gaidhani S Kumbhar A Bellare J Chopade BA Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics
description	Richa Singh,1 Priyanka Wagh,1 Sweety Wadhwani,1 Sharvari Gaidhani,2 Avinash Kumbhar,3 Jayesh Bellare,4 Balu Ananda Chopade1 1Department of Microbiology, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 2Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 3Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India; 4Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Background: The development of nontoxic methods of synthesizing nanoparticles is a major step in nanotechnology to allow their application in nanomedicine. The present study aims to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a cell-free extract of Acinetobacter spp. and evaluate their antibacterial activity. Methods: Eighteen strains of Acinetobacter were screened for AgNP synthesis. AgNPs were characterized using various techniques. Reaction parameters were optimized, and their effect on the morphology of AgNPs was studied. The synergistic potential of AgNPs on 14 antibiotics against seven pathogens was determined by disc-diffusion, broth-microdilution, and minimum bactericidal concentration assays. The efficacy of AgNPs was evaluated as per the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoints of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Only A. calcoaceticus LRVP54 produced AgNPs within 24 hours. Monodisperse spherical nanoparticles of 8–12 nm were obtained with 0.7 mM silver nitrate at 70°C. During optimization, a blue-shift in ultraviolet-visible spectra was seen. X-ray diffraction data and lattice fringes (d =0.23 nm) observed under high-resolution transmission electron microscope confirmed the crystallinity of AgNPs. These AgNPs were found to be more effective against Gram-negative compared with Gram-positive microorganisms. Overall, AgNPs showed the highest synergy with vancomycin in the disc-diffusion assay. For Enterobacter aerogenes, a 3.8-fold increase in inhibition zone area was observed after the addition of AgNPs with vancomycin. Reduction in MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration was observed on exposure of AgNPs with antibiotics. Interestingly, multidrug-resistant A. baumannii was highly sensitized in the presence of AgNPs and became susceptible to antibiotics except cephalosporins. Similarly, the vancomycin-resistant strain of Streptococcus mutans was also found to be susceptible to antibiotic treatment when AgNPs were added. These biogenic AgNPs showed significant synergistic activity on the β-lactam class of antibiotics. Conclusion: This is the first report of synthesis of AgNPs using A. calcoaceticus LRVP54 and their significant synergistic activity with antibiotics resulting in increased susceptibility of multidrug-resistant bacteria evaluated as per MIC breakpoints of the CLSI standard. Keywords: Ag nanoparticles, lattice fringes, disc-diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, synergistic activity
format	article
author	Singh R Wagh P Wadhwani S Gaidhani S Kumbhar A Bellare J Chopade BA
author_facet	Singh R Wagh P Wadhwani S Gaidhani S Kumbhar A Bellare J Chopade BA
author_sort	Singh R
title	Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics
title_short	Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics
title_full	Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics
title_fullStr	Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics
title_sort	synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/ee19c1372fd0484199a2fb4647a3d180
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Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics

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