Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.

<h4>Background</h4>Evidence is required to quantify the potential risks of transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob (vCJD) through dental procedures. Studies, using animal models relevant to vCJD, were performed to address two questions. Firstly, whether oral tissues could become infect...

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Autores principales:	Elizabeth Kirby, Joanne Dickinson, Matthew Vassey, Mike Dennis, Mark Cornwall, Neil McLeod, Andrew Smith, Philip D Marsh, James T Walker, J Mark Sutton, Neil D H Raven
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ee4bae90223141b98256a29e586f9ce1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ee4bae90223141b98256a29e586f9ce12021-11-18T08:06:57ZBioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0049850https://doaj.org/article/ee4bae90223141b98256a29e586f9ce12012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23226225/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Evidence is required to quantify the potential risks of transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob (vCJD) through dental procedures. Studies, using animal models relevant to vCJD, were performed to address two questions. Firstly, whether oral tissues could become infectious following dietary exposure to BSE? Secondly, would a vCJD-contaminated dental instrument be able to transmit disease to another patient?<h4>Methods</h4>BSE-301V was used as a clinically relevant model for vCJD. VM-mice were challenged by injection of infected brain homogenate into the small intestine (Q1) or by five minute contact between a deliberately-contaminated dental file and the gingival margin (Q2). Ten tissues were collected from groups of challenged mice at three or four weekly intervals, respectively. Each tissue was pooled, homogenised and bioassayed in indicator mice.<h4>Findings</h4>Challenge via the small intestine gave a transmission rate of 100% (mean incubation 157±17 days). Infectivity was found in both dental pulp and the gingival margin within 3 weeks of challenge and was observed in all tissues tested within the oral cavity before the appearance of clinical symptoms. Following exposure to deliberately contaminated dental files, 97% of mice developed clinical disease (mean incubation 234±33 days).<h4>Interpretation</h4>Infectivity was higher than expected, in a wider range of oral tissues, than was allowed for in previous risk assessments. Disease was transmitted following transient exposure of the gingiva to a contaminated dental file. These observations provide evidence that dental procedures could be a route of cross-infection for vCJD and support the enforcement of single-use for certain dental instruments.Elizabeth KirbyJoanne DickinsonMatthew VasseyMike DennisMark CornwallNeil McLeodAndrew SmithPhilip D MarshJames T WalkerJ Mark SuttonNeil D H RavenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e49850 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Elizabeth Kirby Joanne Dickinson Matthew Vassey Mike Dennis Mark Cornwall Neil McLeod Andrew Smith Philip D Marsh James T Walker J Mark Sutton Neil D H Raven Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Evidence is required to quantify the potential risks of transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob (vCJD) through dental procedures. Studies, using animal models relevant to vCJD, were performed to address two questions. Firstly, whether oral tissues could become infectious following dietary exposure to BSE? Secondly, would a vCJD-contaminated dental instrument be able to transmit disease to another patient?<h4>Methods</h4>BSE-301V was used as a clinically relevant model for vCJD. VM-mice were challenged by injection of infected brain homogenate into the small intestine (Q1) or by five minute contact between a deliberately-contaminated dental file and the gingival margin (Q2). Ten tissues were collected from groups of challenged mice at three or four weekly intervals, respectively. Each tissue was pooled, homogenised and bioassayed in indicator mice.<h4>Findings</h4>Challenge via the small intestine gave a transmission rate of 100% (mean incubation 157±17 days). Infectivity was found in both dental pulp and the gingival margin within 3 weeks of challenge and was observed in all tissues tested within the oral cavity before the appearance of clinical symptoms. Following exposure to deliberately contaminated dental files, 97% of mice developed clinical disease (mean incubation 234±33 days).<h4>Interpretation</h4>Infectivity was higher than expected, in a wider range of oral tissues, than was allowed for in previous risk assessments. Disease was transmitted following transient exposure of the gingiva to a contaminated dental file. These observations provide evidence that dental procedures could be a route of cross-infection for vCJD and support the enforcement of single-use for certain dental instruments.
format	article
author	Elizabeth Kirby Joanne Dickinson Matthew Vassey Mike Dennis Mark Cornwall Neil McLeod Andrew Smith Philip D Marsh James T Walker J Mark Sutton Neil D H Raven
author_facet	Elizabeth Kirby Joanne Dickinson Matthew Vassey Mike Dennis Mark Cornwall Neil McLeod Andrew Smith Philip D Marsh James T Walker J Mark Sutton Neil D H Raven
author_sort	Elizabeth Kirby
title	Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.
title_short	Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.
title_full	Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.
title_fullStr	Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.
title_full_unstemmed	Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.
title_sort	bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant creutzfeldt jakob disease through dental procedures.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/ee4bae90223141b98256a29e586f9ce1
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Bioassay studies support the potential for iatrogenic transmission of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease through dental procedures.

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