Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling

In perennial grasses, the reproductive development consists of major phenological stages which highly determine the seasonal variations of grassland biomass production in terms of quantity and quality. The reproductive development is regulated by climatic conditions through complex interactions subj...

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Autores principales:	Simon Rouet, Romain Barillot, Denis Leclercq, Marie-Hélène Bernicot, Didier Combes, Abraham Escobar-Gutiérrez, Jean-Louis Durand
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	climate change grasslands heading date perennial grasses phenological models phenology Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/eec68a8027cd491692d5f08c523521b2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:eec68a8027cd491692d5f08c523521b22021-11-16T05:11:24ZInteractions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.672156https://doaj.org/article/eec68a8027cd491692d5f08c523521b22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.672156/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XIn perennial grasses, the reproductive development consists of major phenological stages which highly determine the seasonal variations of grassland biomass production in terms of quantity and quality. The reproductive development is regulated by climatic conditions through complex interactions subjected to high genetic diversity. Understanding these interactions and their impact on plant development and growth is essential to optimize grassland management and identify the potential consequences of climate change. Here, we review the main stages of reproductive development, from floral induction to heading, i.e., spike emergence, considering the effect of the environmental conditions and the genetic diversity observed in perennial grasses. We first describe the determinants and consequences of reproductive development at individual tiller scale before examining the interactions between plant tillers and their impact on grassland perenniality. Then, we review the available grassland models through their ability to account for the complexity of reproductive development and genetic × environmental interactions. This review shows that (1) The reproductive development of perennial grasses is characterized by a large intraspecific diversity which has the same order of magnitude as the diversity observed between species or environmental conditions. (2) The reproductive development is determined by complex interactions between the processes of floral induction and morphogenesis of the tiller. (3) The perenniality of a plant is dependent on the reproductive behavior of each tiller. (4) Published models only partly explain the complex interactions between morphogenesis and climate on reproductive development. (5) Introducing more explicitly the underlying processes involved in reproductive development in models would improve our ability to anticipate grassland behavior in future growth conditions.Simon RouetRomain BarillotDenis LeclercqMarie-Hélène BernicotDidier CombesAbraham Escobar-GutiérrezJean-Louis DurandFrontiers Media S.A.articleclimate changegrasslandsheading dateperennial grassesphenological modelsphenologyPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	climate change grasslands heading date perennial grasses phenological models phenology Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	climate change grasslands heading date perennial grasses phenological models phenology Plant culture SB1-1110 Simon Rouet Romain Barillot Denis Leclercq Marie-Hélène Bernicot Didier Combes Abraham Escobar-Gutiérrez Jean-Louis Durand Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling
description	In perennial grasses, the reproductive development consists of major phenological stages which highly determine the seasonal variations of grassland biomass production in terms of quantity and quality. The reproductive development is regulated by climatic conditions through complex interactions subjected to high genetic diversity. Understanding these interactions and their impact on plant development and growth is essential to optimize grassland management and identify the potential consequences of climate change. Here, we review the main stages of reproductive development, from floral induction to heading, i.e., spike emergence, considering the effect of the environmental conditions and the genetic diversity observed in perennial grasses. We first describe the determinants and consequences of reproductive development at individual tiller scale before examining the interactions between plant tillers and their impact on grassland perenniality. Then, we review the available grassland models through their ability to account for the complexity of reproductive development and genetic × environmental interactions. This review shows that (1) The reproductive development of perennial grasses is characterized by a large intraspecific diversity which has the same order of magnitude as the diversity observed between species or environmental conditions. (2) The reproductive development is determined by complex interactions between the processes of floral induction and morphogenesis of the tiller. (3) The perenniality of a plant is dependent on the reproductive behavior of each tiller. (4) Published models only partly explain the complex interactions between morphogenesis and climate on reproductive development. (5) Introducing more explicitly the underlying processes involved in reproductive development in models would improve our ability to anticipate grassland behavior in future growth conditions.
format	article
author	Simon Rouet Romain Barillot Denis Leclercq Marie-Hélène Bernicot Didier Combes Abraham Escobar-Gutiérrez Jean-Louis Durand
author_facet	Simon Rouet Romain Barillot Denis Leclercq Marie-Hélène Bernicot Didier Combes Abraham Escobar-Gutiérrez Jean-Louis Durand
author_sort	Simon Rouet
title	Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling
title_short	Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling
title_full	Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling
title_fullStr	Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling
title_full_unstemmed	Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling
title_sort	interactions between environment and genetic diversity in perennial grass phenology: a review of processes at plant scale and modeling
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/eec68a8027cd491692d5f08c523521b2
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_version_	1718426761020047360

Interactions Between Environment and Genetic Diversity in Perennial Grass Phenology: A Review of Processes at Plant Scale and Modeling

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