Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary

This paper presents the trends of landscape change in the marshes on the southern shore of Lake Balaton, a wetland profoundly transformed by human activities. The study does not only deal with alterations in the areal proportions of land use classes but also quantitatively analyses landscape pattern...

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Autores principales:	Gergő Németh, Dénes Lóczy, Péter Gyenizse
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	wetlands land use classes landscape indices archive maps Lake Balaton area Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ef03ead2c1e44042a1abd5eea6a41b58
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ef03ead2c1e44042a1abd5eea6a41b582021-11-25T19:03:06ZLong-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary10.3390/su1322126642071-1050https://doaj.org/article/ef03ead2c1e44042a1abd5eea6a41b582021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12664https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050This paper presents the trends of landscape change in the marshes on the southern shore of Lake Balaton, a wetland profoundly transformed by human activities. The study does not only deal with alterations in the areal proportions of land use classes but also quantitatively analyses landscape pattern, comparing landscape metrics on different dates. Based on the findings, proposals for rehabilitation are made. Through the restoration of wetland habitats, the provision level of ecosystem services can be raised. Landscape change was investigated from 1783 to 2020. For this purpose, archive maps were digitized, CORINE land cover datasets corrected by Sentinel-2 imagery were employed and from the vector data, the proportions of land use classes were calculated. For landscape pattern perimeter, area, neighbourhood and diversity metrics were used, calculated by ArcGIS vLATE plugin. It was pointed out that in land cover, the share of wetlands considerably declined over the centuries but in recent decades somewhat expanded. In the 20th century, grasslands were the predominant land use class, but with the spread of other categories, land use has become more complex. Landscape metrics show an increased fragmentation of natural habitats, a higher number of patches and edge density, leading to higher landscape diversity. Rehabilitation proposals include the establishment of rainwater retention reservoirs, the conversion of arable land which cannot be cultivated profitably to close-to-natural classes (first of all, grasslands) and the plantation of gallery forests of native tree species along canals. In comparison with other regions, similar temporal trends and spatial distributions are observed. For instance, the internationally well-known transformation of the Doñana wetland started later but was more intensive than in Hungary.Gergő NémethDénes LóczyPéter GyenizseMDPI AGarticlewetlandsland use classeslandscape indicesarchive mapsLake Balaton areaEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12664, p 12664 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	wetlands land use classes landscape indices archive maps Lake Balaton area Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	wetlands land use classes landscape indices archive maps Lake Balaton area Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Gergő Németh Dénes Lóczy Péter Gyenizse Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary
description	This paper presents the trends of landscape change in the marshes on the southern shore of Lake Balaton, a wetland profoundly transformed by human activities. The study does not only deal with alterations in the areal proportions of land use classes but also quantitatively analyses landscape pattern, comparing landscape metrics on different dates. Based on the findings, proposals for rehabilitation are made. Through the restoration of wetland habitats, the provision level of ecosystem services can be raised. Landscape change was investigated from 1783 to 2020. For this purpose, archive maps were digitized, CORINE land cover datasets corrected by Sentinel-2 imagery were employed and from the vector data, the proportions of land use classes were calculated. For landscape pattern perimeter, area, neighbourhood and diversity metrics were used, calculated by ArcGIS vLATE plugin. It was pointed out that in land cover, the share of wetlands considerably declined over the centuries but in recent decades somewhat expanded. In the 20th century, grasslands were the predominant land use class, but with the spread of other categories, land use has become more complex. Landscape metrics show an increased fragmentation of natural habitats, a higher number of patches and edge density, leading to higher landscape diversity. Rehabilitation proposals include the establishment of rainwater retention reservoirs, the conversion of arable land which cannot be cultivated profitably to close-to-natural classes (first of all, grasslands) and the plantation of gallery forests of native tree species along canals. In comparison with other regions, similar temporal trends and spatial distributions are observed. For instance, the internationally well-known transformation of the Doñana wetland started later but was more intensive than in Hungary.
format	article
author	Gergő Németh Dénes Lóczy Péter Gyenizse
author_facet	Gergő Németh Dénes Lóczy Péter Gyenizse
author_sort	Gergő Németh
title	Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary
title_short	Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary
title_full	Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary
title_fullStr	Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary
title_full_unstemmed	Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary
title_sort	long-term land use and landscape pattern changes in a marshland of hungary
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ef03ead2c1e44042a1abd5eea6a41b58
work_keys_str_mv	AT gergonemeth longtermlanduseandlandscapepatternchangesinamarshlandofhungary AT denesloczy longtermlanduseandlandscapepatternchangesinamarshlandofhungary AT petergyenizse longtermlanduseandlandscapepatternchangesinamarshlandofhungary
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Long-Term Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in a Marshland of Hungary

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