Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?

Plasma cell dyscrasias (PCDs) are neoplastic diseases derived from plasma cells. Patients suffering from PCDs are at high risk of hypercoagulability and thrombosis. These conditions are associated with disease-related factors, patient-related factors, or the use of immunomodulatory drugs. As PCDs be...

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Autores principales:	Olga Ciepiela, Milena Małecka-Giełdowska, Emilia Czyżewska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	plasma cell dyscrasias multiply myeloma hypercoagulability neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ef1e82dc4f2642ce98e155b9b7666084
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ef1e82dc4f2642ce98e155b9b76660842021-11-25T18:00:49ZNeutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?10.3390/jcm102252432077-0383https://doaj.org/article/ef1e82dc4f2642ce98e155b9b76660842021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/22/5243https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383Plasma cell dyscrasias (PCDs) are neoplastic diseases derived from plasma cells. Patients suffering from PCDs are at high risk of hypercoagulability and thrombosis. These conditions are associated with disease-related factors, patient-related factors, or the use of immunomodulatory drugs. As PCDs belong to neoplastic diseases, some other factors related to the cancer-associated hypercoagulability state in the course of PCDs are also considered. One of the weakest issues studied in PCDs is the procoagulant activity of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like structures released from neutrophils in response to different stimuli. These structures are made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and bactericidal proteins, such as histones, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, and over 300 other proteins, which are primarily stored in neutrophil granules. NETs immobilize, inactivate the pathogens, and expose them to specialized cells of immune response. Despite their pivotal role in innate immunity, they contribute to the development and exacerbation of autoimmune diseases, trigger inflammatory response, or even facilitate the formation of cancer metastases. NETs were also found to induce activity of coagulation and are considered one of the most important factors inducing thrombosis. Here, we summarize how PCDs influence the release of NETs, and hypothesize whether NETs contribute to hypercoagulability in PCDs patients.Olga CiepielaMilena Małecka-GiełdowskaEmilia CzyżewskaMDPI AGarticleplasma cell dyscrasiasmultiply myelomahypercoagulabilityneutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)MedicineRENJournal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 5243, p 5243 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	plasma cell dyscrasias multiply myeloma hypercoagulability neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) Medicine R
spellingShingle	plasma cell dyscrasias multiply myeloma hypercoagulability neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) Medicine R Olga Ciepiela Milena Małecka-Giełdowska Emilia Czyżewska Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?
description	Plasma cell dyscrasias (PCDs) are neoplastic diseases derived from plasma cells. Patients suffering from PCDs are at high risk of hypercoagulability and thrombosis. These conditions are associated with disease-related factors, patient-related factors, or the use of immunomodulatory drugs. As PCDs belong to neoplastic diseases, some other factors related to the cancer-associated hypercoagulability state in the course of PCDs are also considered. One of the weakest issues studied in PCDs is the procoagulant activity of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like structures released from neutrophils in response to different stimuli. These structures are made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and bactericidal proteins, such as histones, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, and over 300 other proteins, which are primarily stored in neutrophil granules. NETs immobilize, inactivate the pathogens, and expose them to specialized cells of immune response. Despite their pivotal role in innate immunity, they contribute to the development and exacerbation of autoimmune diseases, trigger inflammatory response, or even facilitate the formation of cancer metastases. NETs were also found to induce activity of coagulation and are considered one of the most important factors inducing thrombosis. Here, we summarize how PCDs influence the release of NETs, and hypothesize whether NETs contribute to hypercoagulability in PCDs patients.
format	article
author	Olga Ciepiela Milena Małecka-Giełdowska Emilia Czyżewska
author_facet	Olga Ciepiela Milena Małecka-Giełdowska Emilia Czyżewska
author_sort	Olga Ciepiela
title	Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?
title_short	Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?
title_full	Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?
title_fullStr	Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?
title_full_unstemmed	Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?
title_sort	neutrophil extracellular traps (nets) and hypercoagulability in plasma cell dyscrasias—is this phenomenon worthy of exploration?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ef1e82dc4f2642ce98e155b9b7666084
work_keys_str_mv	AT olgaciepiela neutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsandhypercoagulabilityinplasmacelldyscrasiasisthisphenomenonworthyofexploration AT milenamałeckagiełdowska neutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsandhypercoagulabilityinplasmacelldyscrasiasisthisphenomenonworthyofexploration AT emiliaczyzewska neutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsandhypercoagulabilityinplasmacelldyscrasiasisthisphenomenonworthyofexploration
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Hypercoagulability in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias—Is This Phenomenon Worthy of Exploration?

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