Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever

Abstract Typhoid and paratyphoid fever may follow a seasonal pattern, but this pattern is not well characterized. Moreover, the environmental drivers that influence seasonal dynamics are not fully understood, although increasing evidence suggests that rainfall and temperature may play an important r...

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Autores principales:	Neil J. Saad, Victoria D. Lynch, Marina Antillón, Chongguang Yang, John A. Crump, Virginia E. Pitzer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ef495c1475bb47ad87c384123f256cf2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ef495c1475bb47ad87c384123f256cf22021-12-02T12:31:56ZSeasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever10.1038/s41598-018-25234-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ef495c1475bb47ad87c384123f256cf22018-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25234-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Typhoid and paratyphoid fever may follow a seasonal pattern, but this pattern is not well characterized. Moreover, the environmental drivers that influence seasonal dynamics are not fully understood, although increasing evidence suggests that rainfall and temperature may play an important role. We compiled a database of typhoid, paratyphoid, or enteric fever and their potential environmental drivers. We assessed the seasonal dynamics by region and latitude, quantifying the mean timing of peak prevalence and seasonal variability. Moreover, we investigated the potential drivers of the seasonal dynamics and compared the seasonal dynamics for typhoid and paratyphoid fever. We observed a distinct seasonal pattern for enteric and typhoid fever by latitude, with seasonal variability more pronounced further from the equator. We also found evidence of a positive association between preceding rainfall and enteric fever among settings 35°–11°N and a more consistent positive association between temperature and enteric fever incidence across most regions of the world. In conclusion, we identified varying seasonal dynamics for enteric or typhoid fever in association with environmental factors. The underlying mechanisms that drive the seasonality of enteric fever are likely dependent on the local context and should be taken into account in future control efforts.Neil J. SaadVictoria D. LynchMarina AntillónChongguang YangJohn A. CrumpVirginia E. PitzerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Neil J. Saad Victoria D. Lynch Marina Antillón Chongguang Yang John A. Crump Virginia E. Pitzer Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever
description	Abstract Typhoid and paratyphoid fever may follow a seasonal pattern, but this pattern is not well characterized. Moreover, the environmental drivers that influence seasonal dynamics are not fully understood, although increasing evidence suggests that rainfall and temperature may play an important role. We compiled a database of typhoid, paratyphoid, or enteric fever and their potential environmental drivers. We assessed the seasonal dynamics by region and latitude, quantifying the mean timing of peak prevalence and seasonal variability. Moreover, we investigated the potential drivers of the seasonal dynamics and compared the seasonal dynamics for typhoid and paratyphoid fever. We observed a distinct seasonal pattern for enteric and typhoid fever by latitude, with seasonal variability more pronounced further from the equator. We also found evidence of a positive association between preceding rainfall and enteric fever among settings 35°–11°N and a more consistent positive association between temperature and enteric fever incidence across most regions of the world. In conclusion, we identified varying seasonal dynamics for enteric or typhoid fever in association with environmental factors. The underlying mechanisms that drive the seasonality of enteric fever are likely dependent on the local context and should be taken into account in future control efforts.
format	article
author	Neil J. Saad Victoria D. Lynch Marina Antillón Chongguang Yang John A. Crump Virginia E. Pitzer
author_facet	Neil J. Saad Victoria D. Lynch Marina Antillón Chongguang Yang John A. Crump Virginia E. Pitzer
author_sort	Neil J. Saad
title	Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever
title_short	Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever
title_full	Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever
title_fullStr	Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever
title_full_unstemmed	Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever
title_sort	seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/ef495c1475bb47ad87c384123f256cf2
work_keys_str_mv	AT neiljsaad seasonaldynamicsoftyphoidandparatyphoidfever AT victoriadlynch seasonaldynamicsoftyphoidandparatyphoidfever AT marinaantillon seasonaldynamicsoftyphoidandparatyphoidfever AT chongguangyang seasonaldynamicsoftyphoidandparatyphoidfever AT johnacrump seasonaldynamicsoftyphoidandparatyphoidfever AT virginiaepitzer seasonaldynamicsoftyphoidandparatyphoidfever
_version_	1718394252223840256

Seasonal dynamics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever

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