Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases

One of the solid waste produced during the combustion of coal are fly ashes. Disposal challenges and environmental consequences are the results of significant process yield and atmospheric emission of fly ashes. The exact chemical composition of FA depends mainly on the type of utilised fuel and com...

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Autores principales:	Marta Marczak-Grzesik, Piotr Piersa, Mateusz Karczewski, Szymon Szufa, Hilal Ünyay, Aleksandra Kędzierska-Sar, Piotr Bochenek
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	fly ash coal combustion mercury removal carbon dioxide removal flue gases purification low-cost adsorbents Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ef6b971d1c3b4c3a9456b217c8d42411
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ef6b971d1c3b4c3a9456b217c8d424112021-11-11T15:54:02ZModified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases10.3390/en142171011996-1073https://doaj.org/article/ef6b971d1c3b4c3a9456b217c8d424112021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7101https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073One of the solid waste produced during the combustion of coal are fly ashes. Disposal challenges and environmental consequences are the results of significant process yield and atmospheric emission of fly ashes. The exact chemical composition of FA depends mainly on the type of utilised fuel and combustion conditions. It consists mainly of chemically stable metal oxides, such as Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CaO, MgO, K<sub>2</sub>O, Na<sub>2</sub>O and TiO<sub>2</sub>, but its toxicity is related to the possible presence of some trace elements, such as As, Hg, Cd, Se and Cr. The chemical and physical properties of fly ash (e.g., particle size distribution, porosity, and surface area) make it suitable as an adsorbent to remove various impurities from process flows such as flue gas stream. Its suitability for capturing mercury from flue gas was experimentally confirmed due to its abundant supply, particle size, bulk density, porosity, chemical composition and low cost. Hence, the use of fly ash as adsorbents and precursors for the production of heavy metal adsorbents is of great practical importance, as it reduces the cost of mercury capture and alleviates the problems associated with the disposal of solid waste. Studies showed that the chemical components present in fly ash additives could stimulate catalytic oxidative capacity, which increases the adsorption of Hg<sup>0</sup> oxidation and adsorption of both Hg and CO<sub>2</sub>. The presented study analysed fly ashes from different zones of the electrostatic precipitator and verified their suitability for removing impurities from flue gases, i.e., mercury and carbon dioxide. The results outlined modified fly ash as having good Hg and CO<sub>2</sub> removal capabilities. The adsorption efficiency of Hg reached 92% for Hg and 66% for CO<sub>2</sub>, while untreated fly ash reached 67% for Hg and 59% for CO<sub>2</sub>.Marta Marczak-GrzesikPiotr PiersaMateusz KarczewskiSzymon SzufaHilal ÜnyayAleksandra Kędzierska-SarPiotr BochenekMDPI AGarticlefly ashcoal combustionmercury removalcarbon dioxide removalflue gases purificationlow-cost adsorbentsTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7101, p 7101 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fly ash coal combustion mercury removal carbon dioxide removal flue gases purification low-cost adsorbents Technology T
spellingShingle	fly ash coal combustion mercury removal carbon dioxide removal flue gases purification low-cost adsorbents Technology T Marta Marczak-Grzesik Piotr Piersa Mateusz Karczewski Szymon Szufa Hilal Ünyay Aleksandra Kędzierska-Sar Piotr Bochenek Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases
description	One of the solid waste produced during the combustion of coal are fly ashes. Disposal challenges and environmental consequences are the results of significant process yield and atmospheric emission of fly ashes. The exact chemical composition of FA depends mainly on the type of utilised fuel and combustion conditions. It consists mainly of chemically stable metal oxides, such as Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CaO, MgO, K<sub>2</sub>O, Na<sub>2</sub>O and TiO<sub>2</sub>, but its toxicity is related to the possible presence of some trace elements, such as As, Hg, Cd, Se and Cr. The chemical and physical properties of fly ash (e.g., particle size distribution, porosity, and surface area) make it suitable as an adsorbent to remove various impurities from process flows such as flue gas stream. Its suitability for capturing mercury from flue gas was experimentally confirmed due to its abundant supply, particle size, bulk density, porosity, chemical composition and low cost. Hence, the use of fly ash as adsorbents and precursors for the production of heavy metal adsorbents is of great practical importance, as it reduces the cost of mercury capture and alleviates the problems associated with the disposal of solid waste. Studies showed that the chemical components present in fly ash additives could stimulate catalytic oxidative capacity, which increases the adsorption of Hg<sup>0</sup> oxidation and adsorption of both Hg and CO<sub>2</sub>. The presented study analysed fly ashes from different zones of the electrostatic precipitator and verified their suitability for removing impurities from flue gases, i.e., mercury and carbon dioxide. The results outlined modified fly ash as having good Hg and CO<sub>2</sub> removal capabilities. The adsorption efficiency of Hg reached 92% for Hg and 66% for CO<sub>2</sub>, while untreated fly ash reached 67% for Hg and 59% for CO<sub>2</sub>.
format	article
author	Marta Marczak-Grzesik Piotr Piersa Mateusz Karczewski Szymon Szufa Hilal Ünyay Aleksandra Kędzierska-Sar Piotr Bochenek
author_facet	Marta Marczak-Grzesik Piotr Piersa Mateusz Karczewski Szymon Szufa Hilal Ünyay Aleksandra Kędzierska-Sar Piotr Bochenek
author_sort	Marta Marczak-Grzesik
title	Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases
title_short	Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases
title_full	Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases
title_fullStr	Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases
title_full_unstemmed	Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases
title_sort	modified fly ash-based adsorbents (mfa) for mercury and carbon dioxide removal from coal-fired flue gases
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ef6b971d1c3b4c3a9456b217c8d42411
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Modified Fly Ash-Based Adsorbents (MFA) for Mercury and Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gases

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