Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism

Normal brain function highly relies on the appropriate functioning of astrocytes. These glial cells are strategically situated between blood vessels and neurons, provide significant substrate support to neuronal demand, and are sensitive to neuronal activity and energy-related molecules. Astrocytes...

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Autores principales:	Cahuê De Bernardis Murat, Cristina García-Cáceres
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	astrocytes calcium signaling energy balance gliotransmission systemic metabolism Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/effd25d95ab141a58a58cd1e406c8c2e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:effd25d95ab141a58a58cd1e406c8c2e2021-11-25T18:20:31ZAstrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism10.3390/metabo111107322218-1989https://doaj.org/article/effd25d95ab141a58a58cd1e406c8c2e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/11/732https://doaj.org/toc/2218-1989Normal brain function highly relies on the appropriate functioning of astrocytes. These glial cells are strategically situated between blood vessels and neurons, provide significant substrate support to neuronal demand, and are sensitive to neuronal activity and energy-related molecules. Astrocytes respond to many metabolic conditions and regulate a wide array of physiological processes, including cerebral vascular remodeling, glucose sensing, feeding, and circadian rhythms for the control of systemic metabolism and behavior-related responses. This regulation ultimately elicits counterregulatory mechanisms in order to couple whole-body energy availability with brain function. Therefore, understanding the role of astrocyte crosstalk with neighboring cells via the release of molecules, e.g., gliotransmitters, into the parenchyma in response to metabolic and neuronal cues is of fundamental relevance to elucidate the distinct roles of these glial cells in the neuroendocrine control of metabolism. Here, we review the mechanisms underlying astrocyte-released gliotransmitters that have been reported to be crucial for maintaining homeostatic regulation of systemic metabolism.Cahuê De Bernardis MuratCristina García-CáceresMDPI AGarticleastrocytescalcium signalingenergy balancegliotransmissionsystemic metabolismMicrobiologyQR1-502ENMetabolites, Vol 11, Iss 732, p 732 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	astrocytes calcium signaling energy balance gliotransmission systemic metabolism Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	astrocytes calcium signaling energy balance gliotransmission systemic metabolism Microbiology QR1-502 Cahuê De Bernardis Murat Cristina García-Cáceres Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism
description	Normal brain function highly relies on the appropriate functioning of astrocytes. These glial cells are strategically situated between blood vessels and neurons, provide significant substrate support to neuronal demand, and are sensitive to neuronal activity and energy-related molecules. Astrocytes respond to many metabolic conditions and regulate a wide array of physiological processes, including cerebral vascular remodeling, glucose sensing, feeding, and circadian rhythms for the control of systemic metabolism and behavior-related responses. This regulation ultimately elicits counterregulatory mechanisms in order to couple whole-body energy availability with brain function. Therefore, understanding the role of astrocyte crosstalk with neighboring cells via the release of molecules, e.g., gliotransmitters, into the parenchyma in response to metabolic and neuronal cues is of fundamental relevance to elucidate the distinct roles of these glial cells in the neuroendocrine control of metabolism. Here, we review the mechanisms underlying astrocyte-released gliotransmitters that have been reported to be crucial for maintaining homeostatic regulation of systemic metabolism.
format	article
author	Cahuê De Bernardis Murat Cristina García-Cáceres
author_facet	Cahuê De Bernardis Murat Cristina García-Cáceres
author_sort	Cahuê De Bernardis Murat
title	Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism
title_short	Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism
title_full	Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism
title_fullStr	Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed	Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism
title_sort	astrocyte gliotransmission in the regulation of systemic metabolism
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/effd25d95ab141a58a58cd1e406c8c2e
work_keys_str_mv	AT cahuedebernardismurat astrocytegliotransmissionintheregulationofsystemicmetabolism AT cristinagarciacaceres astrocytegliotransmissionintheregulationofsystemicmetabolism
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Astrocyte Gliotransmission in the Regulation of Systemic Metabolism

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