Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.

While yoga is gaining increased popularity in North America and Europe, its safety has been questioned in the lay press. The aim of this systematic review was to assess published case reports and case series on adverse events associated with yoga. Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, CAMBase, IndMed and the Case...

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Autores principales:	Holger Cramer, Carol Krucoff, Gustav Dobos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f01af224f6e14c60a6bad7fbe061ad92
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f01af224f6e14c60a6bad7fbe061ad922021-11-18T08:50:53ZAdverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0075515https://doaj.org/article/f01af224f6e14c60a6bad7fbe061ad922013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24146758/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203While yoga is gaining increased popularity in North America and Europe, its safety has been questioned in the lay press. The aim of this systematic review was to assess published case reports and case series on adverse events associated with yoga. Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, CAMBase, IndMed and the Cases Database were screened through February 2013; and 35 case reports and 2 case series reporting a total of 76 cases were included. Ten cases had medical preconditions, mainly glaucoma and osteopenia. Pranayama, hatha yoga, and Bikram yoga were the most common yoga practices; headstand, shoulder stand, lotus position, and forceful breathing were the most common yoga postures and breathing techniques cited. Twenty-seven adverse events (35.5%) affected the musculoskeletal system; 14 (18.4%) the nervous system; and 9 (11.8%) the eyes. Fifteen cases (19.7%) reached full recovery; 9 cases (11.3%) partial recovery; 1 case (1.3%) no recovery; and 1 case (1.3%) died. As any other physical or mental practice, yoga should be practiced carefully under the guidance of a qualified instructor. Beginners should avoid extreme practices such as headstand, lotus position and forceful breathing. Individuals with medical preconditions should work with their physician and yoga teacher to appropriately adapt postures; patients with glaucoma should avoid inversions and patients with compromised bone should avoid forceful yoga practices.Holger CramerCarol KrucoffGustav DobosPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 10, p e75515 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Holger Cramer Carol Krucoff Gustav Dobos Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.
description	While yoga is gaining increased popularity in North America and Europe, its safety has been questioned in the lay press. The aim of this systematic review was to assess published case reports and case series on adverse events associated with yoga. Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, CAMBase, IndMed and the Cases Database were screened through February 2013; and 35 case reports and 2 case series reporting a total of 76 cases were included. Ten cases had medical preconditions, mainly glaucoma and osteopenia. Pranayama, hatha yoga, and Bikram yoga were the most common yoga practices; headstand, shoulder stand, lotus position, and forceful breathing were the most common yoga postures and breathing techniques cited. Twenty-seven adverse events (35.5%) affected the musculoskeletal system; 14 (18.4%) the nervous system; and 9 (11.8%) the eyes. Fifteen cases (19.7%) reached full recovery; 9 cases (11.3%) partial recovery; 1 case (1.3%) no recovery; and 1 case (1.3%) died. As any other physical or mental practice, yoga should be practiced carefully under the guidance of a qualified instructor. Beginners should avoid extreme practices such as headstand, lotus position and forceful breathing. Individuals with medical preconditions should work with their physician and yoga teacher to appropriately adapt postures; patients with glaucoma should avoid inversions and patients with compromised bone should avoid forceful yoga practices.
format	article
author	Holger Cramer Carol Krucoff Gustav Dobos
author_facet	Holger Cramer Carol Krucoff Gustav Dobos
author_sort	Holger Cramer
title	Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.
title_short	Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.
title_full	Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.
title_fullStr	Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.
title_full_unstemmed	Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.
title_sort	adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/f01af224f6e14c60a6bad7fbe061ad92
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Adverse events associated with yoga: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.

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