Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).

<h4>Background</h4>Humans detect faces with direct gazes among those with averted gazes more efficiently than they detect faces with averted gazes among those with direct gazes. We examined whether this "stare-in-the-crowd" effect occurs in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), whose...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Masaki Tomonaga, Tomoko Imura
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f0557010cf434166952855a9d224bf84
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:f0557010cf434166952855a9d224bf84
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f0557010cf434166952855a9d224bf842021-11-25T06:25:59ZVisual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0009131https://doaj.org/article/f0557010cf434166952855a9d224bf842010-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20161750/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Humans detect faces with direct gazes among those with averted gazes more efficiently than they detect faces with averted gazes among those with direct gazes. We examined whether this "stare-in-the-crowd" effect occurs in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), whose eye morphology differs from that of humans (i.e., low-contrast eyes, dark sclera).<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>An adult female chimpanzee was trained to search for an odd-item target (front view of a human face) among distractors that differed from the target only with respect to the direction of the eye gaze. During visual-search testing, she performed more efficiently when the target was a direct-gaze face than when it was an averted-gaze face. This direct-gaze superiority was maintained when the faces were inverted and when parts of the face were scrambled. Subsequent tests revealed that gaze perception in the chimpanzee was controlled by the contrast between iris and sclera, as in humans, but that the chimpanzee attended only to the position of the iris in the eye, irrespective of head direction.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>These results suggest that the chimpanzee can discriminate among human gaze directions and are more sensitive to direct gazes. However, limitations in the perception of human gaze by the chimpanzee are suggested by her inability to completely transfer her performance to faces showing a three-quarter view.Masaki TomonagaTomoko ImuraPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 2, p e9131 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Masaki Tomonaga Tomoko Imura Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
description	<h4>Background</h4>Humans detect faces with direct gazes among those with averted gazes more efficiently than they detect faces with averted gazes among those with direct gazes. We examined whether this "stare-in-the-crowd" effect occurs in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), whose eye morphology differs from that of humans (i.e., low-contrast eyes, dark sclera).<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>An adult female chimpanzee was trained to search for an odd-item target (front view of a human face) among distractors that differed from the target only with respect to the direction of the eye gaze. During visual-search testing, she performed more efficiently when the target was a direct-gaze face than when it was an averted-gaze face. This direct-gaze superiority was maintained when the faces were inverted and when parts of the face were scrambled. Subsequent tests revealed that gaze perception in the chimpanzee was controlled by the contrast between iris and sclera, as in humans, but that the chimpanzee attended only to the position of the iris in the eye, irrespective of head direction.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>These results suggest that the chimpanzee can discriminate among human gaze directions and are more sensitive to direct gazes. However, limitations in the perception of human gaze by the chimpanzee are suggested by her inability to completely transfer her performance to faces showing a three-quarter view.
format	article
author	Masaki Tomonaga Tomoko Imura
author_facet	Masaki Tomonaga Tomoko Imura
author_sort	Masaki Tomonaga
title	Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
title_short	Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
title_full	Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
title_fullStr	Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
title_full_unstemmed	Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
title_sort	visual search for human gaze direction by a chimpanzee (pan troglodytes).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/f0557010cf434166952855a9d224bf84
work_keys_str_mv	AT masakitomonaga visualsearchforhumangazedirectionbyachimpanzeepantroglodytes AT tomokoimura visualsearchforhumangazedirectionbyachimpanzeepantroglodytes
_version_	1718413777777459200

Visual search for human gaze direction by a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).

Ejemplares similares