Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in the Mediterranean basin with most of the infected human patients remaining asymptomatic. Recently, the saurian-associated Leishmania tarentolae was detected in human blood donors and in sheltered dogs. The circulation of L. infa...

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Autores principales:	Roberta Iatta, Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan, Maria Stefania Latrofa, Antonio Cascio, Emanuele Brianti, Marco Pombi, Simona Gabrielli, Domenico Otranto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f08f3771c447449aadb6439b38a2203a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f08f3771c447449aadb6439b38a2203a2021-12-02T20:24:03ZLeishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009817https://doaj.org/article/f08f3771c447449aadb6439b38a2203a2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009817https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in the Mediterranean basin with most of the infected human patients remaining asymptomatic. Recently, the saurian-associated Leishmania tarentolae was detected in human blood donors and in sheltered dogs. The circulation of L. infantum and L. tarentolae was investigated in humans, dogs and cats living in the Pelagie islands (Sicily, Italy) by multiple serological and molecular testing. Human serum samples (n = 346) were tested to assess the exposure to L. infantum by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) and to L. tarentolae by IFAT. Meanwhile, sera from dogs (n = 149) and cats (n = 32) were tested for both Leishmania species by IFAT and all blood samples, including those of humans, by specific sets of real time-PCR for L. infantum and L. tarentolae. The agreement between serological tests performed for human samples, and between serological and molecular diagnostic techniques for both human and animal samples were also assessed. Overall, 41 human samples (11.8%, 95% CI: 8.9-15.7) were positive to L. infantum (5.2%, 95% CI: 3.3-8.1), L. tarentolae (5.2%, 95% CI: 3.3-8.1) and to both species (1.4%, 95% CI: 0.6-3.3) by serology and/or molecular tests. A good agreement among the serological tests was determined. Both Leishmania spp. were serologically and/or molecularly detected in 39.6% dogs and 43.7% cats. In addition to L. infantum, also L. tarentolae circulates in human and animal populations, raising relevant public health implications. Further studies should investigate the potential beneficial effects of L. tarentolae in the protection against L. infantum infection.Roberta IattaJairo Alfonso Mendoza-RoldanMaria Stefania LatrofaAntonio CascioEmanuele BriantiMarco PombiSimona GabrielliDomenico OtrantoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009817 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Roberta Iatta Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan Maria Stefania Latrofa Antonio Cascio Emanuele Brianti Marco Pombi Simona Gabrielli Domenico Otranto Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.
description	Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in the Mediterranean basin with most of the infected human patients remaining asymptomatic. Recently, the saurian-associated Leishmania tarentolae was detected in human blood donors and in sheltered dogs. The circulation of L. infantum and L. tarentolae was investigated in humans, dogs and cats living in the Pelagie islands (Sicily, Italy) by multiple serological and molecular testing. Human serum samples (n = 346) were tested to assess the exposure to L. infantum by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) and to L. tarentolae by IFAT. Meanwhile, sera from dogs (n = 149) and cats (n = 32) were tested for both Leishmania species by IFAT and all blood samples, including those of humans, by specific sets of real time-PCR for L. infantum and L. tarentolae. The agreement between serological tests performed for human samples, and between serological and molecular diagnostic techniques for both human and animal samples were also assessed. Overall, 41 human samples (11.8%, 95% CI: 8.9-15.7) were positive to L. infantum (5.2%, 95% CI: 3.3-8.1), L. tarentolae (5.2%, 95% CI: 3.3-8.1) and to both species (1.4%, 95% CI: 0.6-3.3) by serology and/or molecular tests. A good agreement among the serological tests was determined. Both Leishmania spp. were serologically and/or molecularly detected in 39.6% dogs and 43.7% cats. In addition to L. infantum, also L. tarentolae circulates in human and animal populations, raising relevant public health implications. Further studies should investigate the potential beneficial effects of L. tarentolae in the protection against L. infantum infection.
format	article
author	Roberta Iatta Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan Maria Stefania Latrofa Antonio Cascio Emanuele Brianti Marco Pombi Simona Gabrielli Domenico Otranto
author_facet	Roberta Iatta Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan Maria Stefania Latrofa Antonio Cascio Emanuele Brianti Marco Pombi Simona Gabrielli Domenico Otranto
author_sort	Roberta Iatta
title	Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.
title_short	Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.
title_full	Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.
title_fullStr	Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.
title_full_unstemmed	Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.
title_sort	leishmania tarentolae and leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the pelagie archipelago, southern italy.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f08f3771c447449aadb6439b38a2203a
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Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.

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