BMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities
<b>Background:</b> The incidence of neurological diseases is increasing throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to identify nutrition and microbiome factors related to structural and functional neurological abnormalities to optimize future preventive strategies. <b>M...
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oai:doaj.org-article:f138f9b4c54043e29b14f80da33551462021-11-25T18:33:41ZBMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities10.3390/nu131137432072-6643https://doaj.org/article/f138f9b4c54043e29b14f80da33551462021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3743https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643<b>Background:</b> The incidence of neurological diseases is increasing throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to identify nutrition and microbiome factors related to structural and functional neurological abnormalities to optimize future preventive strategies. <b>Methods:</b> Two hundred thirty-eight patients suffering from (1) structural (neurodegeneration) or (2) functional (epilepsy) neurological abnormalities or (3) chronic pain (migraine) and 612 healthy control subjects were analyzed by validated 12-month food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 16S rRNA microbiome sequencing (from stool samples). A binomial logistic regression model was applied for risk calculation and functional pathway analysis to show which functional pathway could discriminate cases and healthy controls. <b>Results:</b> Detailed analysis of more than 60 macro- and micronutrients revealed no distinct significant difference between cases and controls, whereas BMI, insulin resistance and metabolic inflammation in addition to alcohol consumption were major drivers of an overall neurological disease risk. The gut microbiome analysis showed decreased alpha diversity (Shannon index: <i>p</i> = 9.1× 10<sup>−7</sup>) and species richness (<i>p</i> = 1.2 × 10<sup>−8</sup>) in the case group as well as significant differences in beta diversity between cases and controls (Bray–Curtis: <i>p</i> = 9.99 × 10<sup>−4</sup>; Jaccard: <i>p</i> = 9.99 × 10<sup>−4</sup>). The Shannon index showed a beneficial effect (OR = 0.59 (95%-CI (0.40, 0.87); <i>p</i> = 8 × 10<sup>−3</sup>). Cases were clearly discriminated from healthy controls by environmental information processing, signal transduction, two component system and membrane transport as significantly different functional pathways. <b>Conclusions:</b> In conclusion, our data indicate that an overall healthy lifestyle, in contrast to supplementation of single micro- or macronutrients, is most likely to reduce overall neurological abnormality risk and that the gut microbiome is an interesting target to develop novel preventive strategies.Corinna GeislerJil PankokeKristina SchlichtCarina KnappeNathalie RohmannKatharina HartmannUte SettgastKathrin TürkAnna Katharina SeoudyAndre FrankeStefan SchreiberDominik M. SchulteMatthias LaudesMDPI AGarticlegut–brain axisneurological healthgut microbiomenutritionNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3743, p 3743 (2021) |
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| collection |
DOAJ |
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EN |
| topic |
gut–brain axis neurological health gut microbiome nutrition Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 |
| spellingShingle |
gut–brain axis neurological health gut microbiome nutrition Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Corinna Geisler Jil Pankoke Kristina Schlicht Carina Knappe Nathalie Rohmann Katharina Hartmann Ute Settgast Kathrin Türk Anna Katharina Seoudy Andre Franke Stefan Schreiber Dominik M. Schulte Matthias Laudes BMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities |
| description |
<b>Background:</b> The incidence of neurological diseases is increasing throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to identify nutrition and microbiome factors related to structural and functional neurological abnormalities to optimize future preventive strategies. <b>Methods:</b> Two hundred thirty-eight patients suffering from (1) structural (neurodegeneration) or (2) functional (epilepsy) neurological abnormalities or (3) chronic pain (migraine) and 612 healthy control subjects were analyzed by validated 12-month food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 16S rRNA microbiome sequencing (from stool samples). A binomial logistic regression model was applied for risk calculation and functional pathway analysis to show which functional pathway could discriminate cases and healthy controls. <b>Results:</b> Detailed analysis of more than 60 macro- and micronutrients revealed no distinct significant difference between cases and controls, whereas BMI, insulin resistance and metabolic inflammation in addition to alcohol consumption were major drivers of an overall neurological disease risk. The gut microbiome analysis showed decreased alpha diversity (Shannon index: <i>p</i> = 9.1× 10<sup>−7</sup>) and species richness (<i>p</i> = 1.2 × 10<sup>−8</sup>) in the case group as well as significant differences in beta diversity between cases and controls (Bray–Curtis: <i>p</i> = 9.99 × 10<sup>−4</sup>; Jaccard: <i>p</i> = 9.99 × 10<sup>−4</sup>). The Shannon index showed a beneficial effect (OR = 0.59 (95%-CI (0.40, 0.87); <i>p</i> = 8 × 10<sup>−3</sup>). Cases were clearly discriminated from healthy controls by environmental information processing, signal transduction, two component system and membrane transport as significantly different functional pathways. <b>Conclusions:</b> In conclusion, our data indicate that an overall healthy lifestyle, in contrast to supplementation of single micro- or macronutrients, is most likely to reduce overall neurological abnormality risk and that the gut microbiome is an interesting target to develop novel preventive strategies. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Corinna Geisler Jil Pankoke Kristina Schlicht Carina Knappe Nathalie Rohmann Katharina Hartmann Ute Settgast Kathrin Türk Anna Katharina Seoudy Andre Franke Stefan Schreiber Dominik M. Schulte Matthias Laudes |
| author_facet |
Corinna Geisler Jil Pankoke Kristina Schlicht Carina Knappe Nathalie Rohmann Katharina Hartmann Ute Settgast Kathrin Türk Anna Katharina Seoudy Andre Franke Stefan Schreiber Dominik M. Schulte Matthias Laudes |
| author_sort |
Corinna Geisler |
| title |
BMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities |
| title_short |
BMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities |
| title_full |
BMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities |
| title_fullStr |
BMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities |
| title_full_unstemmed |
BMI, Alcohol Consumption and Gut Microbiome Species Richness Are Related to Structural and Functional Neurological Abnormalities |
| title_sort |
bmi, alcohol consumption and gut microbiome species richness are related to structural and functional neurological abnormalities |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/f138f9b4c54043e29b14f80da3355146 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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