New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome

ABSTRACT Despite recognition that biogeography and individuality shape the function and composition of the human skin microbiome, we know little about how extrinsic and intrinsic host factors influence its composition. To explore the contributions of these factors to skin microbiome variation, we pr...

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Autores principales:	Pedro A. Dimitriu, Brandon Iker, Kausar Malik, Hilary Leung, W. W. Mohn, Greg G. Hillebrand
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	Corynebacterium age demographic forehead host lifestyle host physiology Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f13bab4647fd4930a3b381d7cf0b8916
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f13bab4647fd4930a3b381d7cf0b89162021-11-15T16:22:09ZNew Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome10.1128/mBio.00839-192150-7511https://doaj.org/article/f13bab4647fd4930a3b381d7cf0b89162019-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00839-19https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Despite recognition that biogeography and individuality shape the function and composition of the human skin microbiome, we know little about how extrinsic and intrinsic host factors influence its composition. To explore the contributions of these factors to skin microbiome variation, we profiled the bacterial microbiomes of 495 North American subjects (ages, 9 to 78 years) at four skin surfaces plus the oral epithelium using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We collected subject metadata, including host physiological parameters, through standardized questionnaires and noninvasive biophysical methods. Using a combination of statistical modeling tools, we found that demographic, lifestyle, and physiological factors collectively explained 12 to 20% of the variability in microbiome composition. The influence of health factors was strongest on the oral microbiome. Associations between host factors and the skin microbiome were generally dominated by operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated with the Clostridiales and Prevotella. A subset of the correlations between microbial features and host attributes were site specific. To further explore the relationship between age and the skin microbiome of the forehead, we trained a Random Forest regression model to predict chronological age from microbial features. Age was associated mostly with two mutually coexcluding Corynebacterium OTUs. Furthermore, skin aging variables (wrinkles and hyperpigmented spots) were independently correlated to these taxa. IMPORTANCE Many studies have highlighted the importance of body site and individuality in shaping the composition of the human skin microbiome, but we still have a poor understanding of how extrinsic (e.g., lifestyle) and intrinsic (e.g., age) factors influence its composition. We characterized the bacterial microbiomes of North American volunteers at four skin sites and the mouth. We also collected extensive subject metadata and measured several host physiological parameters. Integration of host and microbial features showed that the skin microbiome was predominantly associated with demographic, lifestyle, and physiological factors. Furthermore, we uncovered reproducible associations between chronological age, skin aging, and members of the genus Corynebacterium. Our work provides new understanding of the role of host selection and lifestyle in shaping skin microbiome composition. It also contributes to a more comprehensive appreciation of the factors that drive interindividual skin microbiome variation.Pedro A. DimitriuBrandon IkerKausar MalikHilary LeungW. W. MohnGreg G. HillebrandAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleCorynebacteriumagedemographicforeheadhost lifestylehost physiologyMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 4 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Corynebacterium age demographic forehead host lifestyle host physiology Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Corynebacterium age demographic forehead host lifestyle host physiology Microbiology QR1-502 Pedro A. Dimitriu Brandon Iker Kausar Malik Hilary Leung W. W. Mohn Greg G. Hillebrand New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome
description	ABSTRACT Despite recognition that biogeography and individuality shape the function and composition of the human skin microbiome, we know little about how extrinsic and intrinsic host factors influence its composition. To explore the contributions of these factors to skin microbiome variation, we profiled the bacterial microbiomes of 495 North American subjects (ages, 9 to 78 years) at four skin surfaces plus the oral epithelium using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We collected subject metadata, including host physiological parameters, through standardized questionnaires and noninvasive biophysical methods. Using a combination of statistical modeling tools, we found that demographic, lifestyle, and physiological factors collectively explained 12 to 20% of the variability in microbiome composition. The influence of health factors was strongest on the oral microbiome. Associations between host factors and the skin microbiome were generally dominated by operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated with the Clostridiales and Prevotella. A subset of the correlations between microbial features and host attributes were site specific. To further explore the relationship between age and the skin microbiome of the forehead, we trained a Random Forest regression model to predict chronological age from microbial features. Age was associated mostly with two mutually coexcluding Corynebacterium OTUs. Furthermore, skin aging variables (wrinkles and hyperpigmented spots) were independently correlated to these taxa. IMPORTANCE Many studies have highlighted the importance of body site and individuality in shaping the composition of the human skin microbiome, but we still have a poor understanding of how extrinsic (e.g., lifestyle) and intrinsic (e.g., age) factors influence its composition. We characterized the bacterial microbiomes of North American volunteers at four skin sites and the mouth. We also collected extensive subject metadata and measured several host physiological parameters. Integration of host and microbial features showed that the skin microbiome was predominantly associated with demographic, lifestyle, and physiological factors. Furthermore, we uncovered reproducible associations between chronological age, skin aging, and members of the genus Corynebacterium. Our work provides new understanding of the role of host selection and lifestyle in shaping skin microbiome composition. It also contributes to a more comprehensive appreciation of the factors that drive interindividual skin microbiome variation.
format	article
author	Pedro A. Dimitriu Brandon Iker Kausar Malik Hilary Leung W. W. Mohn Greg G. Hillebrand
author_facet	Pedro A. Dimitriu Brandon Iker Kausar Malik Hilary Leung W. W. Mohn Greg G. Hillebrand
author_sort	Pedro A. Dimitriu
title	New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome
title_short	New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome
title_full	New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome
title_fullStr	New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed	New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome
title_sort	new insights into the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that shape the human skin microbiome
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/f13bab4647fd4930a3b381d7cf0b8916
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New Insights into the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Shape the Human Skin Microbiome

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