Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms

Abstract Bacterial spot, caused by a group of Xanthomonads (Xanthomonas spp.), is a devastating disease. It can adversely affect the Capsicum annum productivity. Scientists are working on the role of antioxidants to meet this challenge. However, research is lacking on the role of antioxidant enzymes...

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Autores principales:	Musarrat Ramzan, Sundas Sana, Nida Javaid, Anis Ali Shah, Samina Ejaz, Waqas Nazir Malik, Nasim Ahmad Yasin, Saud Alamri, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Rahul Datta, Shah Fahad, Nazia Tahir, Sidra Mubeen, Niaz Ahmed, Muhammad Arif Ali, Ayman El Sabagh, Subhan Danish
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f14d61af033a474599ed7ef12dde0522
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f14d61af033a474599ed7ef12dde05222021-12-02T14:49:43ZMitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms10.1038/s41598-021-88797-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f14d61af033a474599ed7ef12dde05222021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88797-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Bacterial spot, caused by a group of Xanthomonads (Xanthomonas spp.), is a devastating disease. It can adversely affect the Capsicum annum productivity. Scientists are working on the role of antioxidants to meet this challenge. However, research is lacking on the role of antioxidant enzymes and their isoforms in the non-compatible pathogen and host plant interaction and resistance mechanisms in capsicum varieties. The present study was conducted to ascertain the defensive role of antioxidant enzymes and their isoforms in chilli varieties Hybrid, Desi, Serrano, Padron, and Shehzadi against bacterial spot disease-induced Xanthomonas sp. The seedlings were inoculated with bacterial pathogen @ 107 CFU/mL, and samples were harvested after regular intervals of 24 h for 4 days followed by inoculation. Total plant proteins were extracted in phosphate buffer and quantified through Bradford assay. The crude protein extracts were analyzed through quantitative enzymatic assays in order to document activity levels of various antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, the profiles appearance of these enzymes and their isoforms were determined using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis. These enzymes exhibited maximum activity in Hybrid (HiR) cultivar followed by Desi (R), Serrano (S), Padron, and Shehzadi (HS). Both the number of isoforms and expression levels were higher in highly resistant cultivars compared to susceptible and highly susceptible cultivars. The induction of POD, CAT, and SOD occurs at the early stages of growth in resistant Capsicum cultivars. At the same time, APX seems to make the second line of antioxidant defense mechanisms. We found that modulating antioxidant enzymes and isoforms activity at the seedling stage was an important mechanism for mitigating plant growth inhibition in the resistant ones.Musarrat RamzanSundas SanaNida JavaidAnis Ali ShahSamina EjazWaqas Nazir MalikNasim Ahmad YasinSaud AlamriManzer H. SiddiquiRahul DattaShah FahadNazia TahirSidra MubeenNiaz AhmedMuhammad Arif AliAyman El SabaghSubhan DanishNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Musarrat Ramzan Sundas Sana Nida Javaid Anis Ali Shah Samina Ejaz Waqas Nazir Malik Nasim Ahmad Yasin Saud Alamri Manzer H. Siddiqui Rahul Datta Shah Fahad Nazia Tahir Sidra Mubeen Niaz Ahmed Muhammad Arif Ali Ayman El Sabagh Subhan Danish Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms
description	Abstract Bacterial spot, caused by a group of Xanthomonads (Xanthomonas spp.), is a devastating disease. It can adversely affect the Capsicum annum productivity. Scientists are working on the role of antioxidants to meet this challenge. However, research is lacking on the role of antioxidant enzymes and their isoforms in the non-compatible pathogen and host plant interaction and resistance mechanisms in capsicum varieties. The present study was conducted to ascertain the defensive role of antioxidant enzymes and their isoforms in chilli varieties Hybrid, Desi, Serrano, Padron, and Shehzadi against bacterial spot disease-induced Xanthomonas sp. The seedlings were inoculated with bacterial pathogen @ 107 CFU/mL, and samples were harvested after regular intervals of 24 h for 4 days followed by inoculation. Total plant proteins were extracted in phosphate buffer and quantified through Bradford assay. The crude protein extracts were analyzed through quantitative enzymatic assays in order to document activity levels of various antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, the profiles appearance of these enzymes and their isoforms were determined using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis. These enzymes exhibited maximum activity in Hybrid (HiR) cultivar followed by Desi (R), Serrano (S), Padron, and Shehzadi (HS). Both the number of isoforms and expression levels were higher in highly resistant cultivars compared to susceptible and highly susceptible cultivars. The induction of POD, CAT, and SOD occurs at the early stages of growth in resistant Capsicum cultivars. At the same time, APX seems to make the second line of antioxidant defense mechanisms. We found that modulating antioxidant enzymes and isoforms activity at the seedling stage was an important mechanism for mitigating plant growth inhibition in the resistant ones.
format	article
author	Musarrat Ramzan Sundas Sana Nida Javaid Anis Ali Shah Samina Ejaz Waqas Nazir Malik Nasim Ahmad Yasin Saud Alamri Manzer H. Siddiqui Rahul Datta Shah Fahad Nazia Tahir Sidra Mubeen Niaz Ahmed Muhammad Arif Ali Ayman El Sabagh Subhan Danish
author_facet	Musarrat Ramzan Sundas Sana Nida Javaid Anis Ali Shah Samina Ejaz Waqas Nazir Malik Nasim Ahmad Yasin Saud Alamri Manzer H. Siddiqui Rahul Datta Shah Fahad Nazia Tahir Sidra Mubeen Niaz Ahmed Muhammad Arif Ali Ayman El Sabagh Subhan Danish
author_sort	Musarrat Ramzan
title	Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms
title_short	Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms
title_full	Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms
title_fullStr	Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms
title_full_unstemmed	Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms
title_sort	mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in capsicum annuum l. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f14d61af033a474599ed7ef12dde0522
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Mitigation of bacterial spot disease induced biotic stress in Capsicum annuum L. cultivars via antioxidant enzymes and isoforms

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