Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells

Masahiko Ayaki1, Atsuo Iwasawa2, Yoichi Inoue31Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama National Hospital, Wako, Japan; 2Life Particle Interaction Engineering Creation, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Olympia Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Jap...

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Autores principales:	Masahiko Ayaki, Atsuo Iwasawa, Yoichi Inoue
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2010
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f15638284e574c5aad17574944148cd4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f15638284e574c5aad17574944148cd42021-12-02T02:44:38ZToxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/f15638284e574c5aad17574944148cd42010-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/toxicity-of-antiglaucoma-drugs-with-and-without-benzalkonium-chloride--a5516https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Masahiko Ayaki1, Atsuo Iwasawa2, Yoichi Inoue31Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama National Hospital, Wako, Japan; 2Life Particle Interaction Engineering Creation, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Olympia Eye Hospital, Tokyo, JapanPurpose: The toxicity of antiglaucoma medications to ocular surface cells has been evaluated extensively; however, the toxicity to corneal endothelial cells (CECs) remains elusive. Our aim is to evaluate the toxicity of antiglaucoma medications to CECs using an in vitro toxicity assay.Methods: Primary cultures of human (H) CECs derived from eye bank specimens were established. Following exposure of HCECs to test solutions for 10, 30, or 60 minutes, or 48 hours, we measured cell viability using a WST-1 assay. Test solutions were diluted in culture media and included 0.5% Timoptol&reg;, preservative-free 0.5% timolol maleate, 1% Trusopt&reg;, preservative-free 1% dorzolamide, Travatan&reg;, Travatan Z&reg;, Xalatan&reg;, and benzalkonium chloride (BAK). To assess cell viability, the value of the test culture well after treatment was expressed as a percentage of that of the control well. Toxicity of each solution was compared using the cell viability score (CVS).Results: After exposure to 10-fold dilutions of test solutions for 48 hours, HCEC viabilities were 48.5% for 0.5% Timoptol, 80.9% for preservative-free 0.5% timolol maleate, 47.0% for 1% Trusopt, 71.7% for preservative-free 1% dorzolamide, 55.5% for Travatan, 88.5% for Travatan Z, and 52.5% for Xalatan. Exposure to test solutions diluted 100-fold or more resulted in HCEC viabilities &gt; 80%, with the exception of preservative-free 1% dorzolamide, which resulted in a viability of 72.0% at a dilution of 100-fold. Based on CVS, the order of cell viability was Travatan Z&nbsp;&ge; preservative-free timolol maleate = preservative-free dorzolamide &gt; 0.5% Timoptol = 1% Trusopt &gt; Travatan&nbsp;&ge; Xalatan. Assessment of the combined effect of drug and BAK revealed that latanoprost reduced the toxicity of BAK.Conclusion: Antiglaucoma eye drops produced HCEC toxicity that appeared to depend on the presence of BAK. Because dilution of the antiglaucoma solutions resulted in markedly lower HCEC toxicity, HCEC damage due to antiglaucoma medication may occur only in rare cases. The CVS was useful for comparison of the toxicity of the drugs.Keywords: cell viability score, eye drop, preservatives Masahiko AyakiAtsuo IwasawaYoichi InoueDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 1217-1222 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Masahiko Ayaki Atsuo Iwasawa Yoichi Inoue Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells
description	Masahiko Ayaki1, Atsuo Iwasawa2, Yoichi Inoue31Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama National Hospital, Wako, Japan; 2Life Particle Interaction Engineering Creation, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Olympia Eye Hospital, Tokyo, JapanPurpose: The toxicity of antiglaucoma medications to ocular surface cells has been evaluated extensively; however, the toxicity to corneal endothelial cells (CECs) remains elusive. Our aim is to evaluate the toxicity of antiglaucoma medications to CECs using an in vitro toxicity assay.Methods: Primary cultures of human (H) CECs derived from eye bank specimens were established. Following exposure of HCECs to test solutions for 10, 30, or 60 minutes, or 48 hours, we measured cell viability using a WST-1 assay. Test solutions were diluted in culture media and included 0.5% Timoptol&reg;, preservative-free 0.5% timolol maleate, 1% Trusopt&reg;, preservative-free 1% dorzolamide, Travatan&reg;, Travatan Z&reg;, Xalatan&reg;, and benzalkonium chloride (BAK). To assess cell viability, the value of the test culture well after treatment was expressed as a percentage of that of the control well. Toxicity of each solution was compared using the cell viability score (CVS).Results: After exposure to 10-fold dilutions of test solutions for 48 hours, HCEC viabilities were 48.5% for 0.5% Timoptol, 80.9% for preservative-free 0.5% timolol maleate, 47.0% for 1% Trusopt, 71.7% for preservative-free 1% dorzolamide, 55.5% for Travatan, 88.5% for Travatan Z, and 52.5% for Xalatan. Exposure to test solutions diluted 100-fold or more resulted in HCEC viabilities &gt; 80%, with the exception of preservative-free 1% dorzolamide, which resulted in a viability of 72.0% at a dilution of 100-fold. Based on CVS, the order of cell viability was Travatan Z&nbsp;&ge; preservative-free timolol maleate = preservative-free dorzolamide &gt; 0.5% Timoptol = 1% Trusopt &gt; Travatan&nbsp;&ge; Xalatan. Assessment of the combined effect of drug and BAK revealed that latanoprost reduced the toxicity of BAK.Conclusion: Antiglaucoma eye drops produced HCEC toxicity that appeared to depend on the presence of BAK. Because dilution of the antiglaucoma solutions resulted in markedly lower HCEC toxicity, HCEC damage due to antiglaucoma medication may occur only in rare cases. The CVS was useful for comparison of the toxicity of the drugs.Keywords: cell viability score, eye drop, preservatives
format	article
author	Masahiko Ayaki Atsuo Iwasawa Yoichi Inoue
author_facet	Masahiko Ayaki Atsuo Iwasawa Yoichi Inoue
author_sort	Masahiko Ayaki
title	Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells
title_short	Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells
title_full	Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells
title_fullStr	Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells
title_full_unstemmed	Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells
title_sort	toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/f15638284e574c5aad17574944148cd4
work_keys_str_mv	AT masahikoayaki toxicityofantiglaucomadrugswithandwithoutbenzalkoniumchloridetoculturedhumancornealendothelialcells AT atsuoiwasawa toxicityofantiglaucomadrugswithandwithoutbenzalkoniumchloridetoculturedhumancornealendothelialcells AT yoichiinoue toxicityofantiglaucomadrugswithandwithoutbenzalkoniumchloridetoculturedhumancornealendothelialcells
_version_	1718402198018195456

Toxicity of antiglaucoma drugs with and without benzalkonium chloride to cultured human corneal endothelial cells

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