Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.

<h4>Background</h4>The light-gated cation channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is a powerful tool for the optical induction of action potentials in neurons. Mutations of the cysteine 128 (C128) residue have been shown to greatly extend the lifetime of the conducting state of ChR2. However,...

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Autores principales:	Philipp Schoenenberger, Daniela Gerosa, Thomas G Oertner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f1751e63958b4920abdeef498fb604df
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f1751e63958b4920abdeef498fb604df2021-11-25T06:27:35ZTemporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0008185https://doaj.org/article/f1751e63958b4920abdeef498fb604df2009-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19997631/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The light-gated cation channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is a powerful tool for the optical induction of action potentials in neurons. Mutations of the cysteine 128 (C128) residue have been shown to greatly extend the lifetime of the conducting state of ChR2. However, until now, only subthreshold depolarizations have been reported from C128 mutants.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Here we report the induction of long high-frequency spike trains by brief light pulses in ChR2(C128A)-transfected pyramidal cells in hippocampal slice culture. ChR2(C128A)-mediated spike bursts triggered expression of the immediate early gene c-fos in pyramidal neurons. Robust and cell-specific expression of c-Fos protein was detected after a single blue light pulse and depended on action potential firing, but not on synaptic activity. However, photocurrents diminished upon repeated stimulation and limited the number of action potential bursts that could be elicited.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We conclude that the C128A mutant is not suitable for chronic stimulation of neurons, but very useful for light-controlled induction of immediate early genes. This property of ChR2(C128A) could be harnessed to control the expression of proteins under control of the c-fos promoter with precise timing and single cell specificity.Philipp SchoenenbergerDaniela GerosaThomas G OertnerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 12, p e8185 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Philipp Schoenenberger Daniela Gerosa Thomas G Oertner Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The light-gated cation channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is a powerful tool for the optical induction of action potentials in neurons. Mutations of the cysteine 128 (C128) residue have been shown to greatly extend the lifetime of the conducting state of ChR2. However, until now, only subthreshold depolarizations have been reported from C128 mutants.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Here we report the induction of long high-frequency spike trains by brief light pulses in ChR2(C128A)-transfected pyramidal cells in hippocampal slice culture. ChR2(C128A)-mediated spike bursts triggered expression of the immediate early gene c-fos in pyramidal neurons. Robust and cell-specific expression of c-Fos protein was detected after a single blue light pulse and depended on action potential firing, but not on synaptic activity. However, photocurrents diminished upon repeated stimulation and limited the number of action potential bursts that could be elicited.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We conclude that the C128A mutant is not suitable for chronic stimulation of neurons, but very useful for light-controlled induction of immediate early genes. This property of ChR2(C128A) could be harnessed to control the expression of proteins under control of the c-fos promoter with precise timing and single cell specificity.
format	article
author	Philipp Schoenenberger Daniela Gerosa Thomas G Oertner
author_facet	Philipp Schoenenberger Daniela Gerosa Thomas G Oertner
author_sort	Philipp Schoenenberger
title	Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.
title_short	Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.
title_full	Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.
title_fullStr	Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.
title_full_unstemmed	Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.
title_sort	temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/f1751e63958b4920abdeef498fb604df
work_keys_str_mv	AT philippschoenenberger temporalcontrolofimmediateearlygeneinductionbylight AT danielagerosa temporalcontrolofimmediateearlygeneinductionbylight AT thomasgoertner temporalcontrolofimmediateearlygeneinductionbylight
_version_	1718413716899233792

Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light.

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