Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep have been widely documented, but longitudinal evaluations during different phases of the “COVID-19 era” are needed to disentangle the specific consequences of the r145estrictive measures on sleep variables. The aim of this study was to assess the immedia...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Maurizio Gorgoni, Serena Scarpelli, Anastasia Mangiaruga, Valentina Alfonsi, Maria R. Bonsignore, Francesco Fanfulla, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, Lino Nobili, Giuseppe Plazzi, Luigi De Gennaro, on behalf of the Board of the Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS)
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 pandemic lockdown sleep stress depression Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f19bbff884d04b2699c8a24ef757e9df
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:f19bbff884d04b2699c8a24ef757e9df
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f19bbff884d04b2699c8a24ef757e9df2021-11-25T16:58:55ZPersistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study10.3390/brainsci111115202076-3425https://doaj.org/article/f19bbff884d04b2699c8a24ef757e9df2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/11/1520https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3425The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep have been widely documented, but longitudinal evaluations during different phases of the “COVID-19 era” are needed to disentangle the specific consequences of the r145estrictive measures on sleep variables. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate effect of the lockdown’s end on sleep and sleep-related dimensions in an Italian sample, also considering the stress and depressive symptoms. We used an online survey to longitudinally collect data on sociodemographic, environmental, clinical, sleep, and sleep-related variables in two time points: during and immediately after the lockdown. The final sample included 102 participants. The large prevalence of poor sleep quality, clinically relevant pre-sleep arousal, and depressive symptoms, as well as poor sleep quality and pre-sleep arousal score observed during the lockdown, remained stable after its end. On the other hand, the prevalence of moderate-to-severe event-related stress and intrusive symptom scores exhibited a drastic reduction after the end of home confinement. Both bedtime and rise time were anticipated after the lockdown, while sleep quality exhibited only a trend of post-lockdown sleep disturbance reduction. Our findings point to a reduced stress level (specific for the intrusive symptomatology) after the end of the lockdown and persistence of sleep problems, suggesting two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses: (a) the strict restrictive measures are not the main cause of sleep problems during the pandemic and (b) home confinement induces long-lasting effects on sleep observable after its end, and a longer period of time might be needed to observe an improvement.Maurizio GorgoniSerena ScarpelliAnastasia MangiarugaValentina AlfonsiMaria R. BonsignoreFrancesco FanfullaLuigi Ferini-StrambiLino NobiliGiuseppe PlazziLuigi De Gennaroon behalf of the Board of the Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS)MDPI AGarticleCOVID-19pandemiclockdownsleepstressdepressionNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENBrain Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 1520, p 1520 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 pandemic lockdown sleep stress depression Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	COVID-19 pandemic lockdown sleep stress depression Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Maurizio Gorgoni Serena Scarpelli Anastasia Mangiaruga Valentina Alfonsi Maria R. Bonsignore Francesco Fanfulla Luigi Ferini-Strambi Lino Nobili Giuseppe Plazzi Luigi De Gennaro on behalf of the Board of the Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS) Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study
description	The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep have been widely documented, but longitudinal evaluations during different phases of the “COVID-19 era” are needed to disentangle the specific consequences of the r145estrictive measures on sleep variables. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate effect of the lockdown’s end on sleep and sleep-related dimensions in an Italian sample, also considering the stress and depressive symptoms. We used an online survey to longitudinally collect data on sociodemographic, environmental, clinical, sleep, and sleep-related variables in two time points: during and immediately after the lockdown. The final sample included 102 participants. The large prevalence of poor sleep quality, clinically relevant pre-sleep arousal, and depressive symptoms, as well as poor sleep quality and pre-sleep arousal score observed during the lockdown, remained stable after its end. On the other hand, the prevalence of moderate-to-severe event-related stress and intrusive symptom scores exhibited a drastic reduction after the end of home confinement. Both bedtime and rise time were anticipated after the lockdown, while sleep quality exhibited only a trend of post-lockdown sleep disturbance reduction. Our findings point to a reduced stress level (specific for the intrusive symptomatology) after the end of the lockdown and persistence of sleep problems, suggesting two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses: (a) the strict restrictive measures are not the main cause of sleep problems during the pandemic and (b) home confinement induces long-lasting effects on sleep observable after its end, and a longer period of time might be needed to observe an improvement.
format	article
author	Maurizio Gorgoni Serena Scarpelli Anastasia Mangiaruga Valentina Alfonsi Maria R. Bonsignore Francesco Fanfulla Luigi Ferini-Strambi Lino Nobili Giuseppe Plazzi Luigi De Gennaro on behalf of the Board of the Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS)
author_facet	Maurizio Gorgoni Serena Scarpelli Anastasia Mangiaruga Valentina Alfonsi Maria R. Bonsignore Francesco Fanfulla Luigi Ferini-Strambi Lino Nobili Giuseppe Plazzi Luigi De Gennaro on behalf of the Board of the Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS)
author_sort	Maurizio Gorgoni
title	Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study
title_short	Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study
title_full	Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study
title_fullStr	Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study
title_full_unstemmed	Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study
title_sort	persistence of the effects of the covid-19 lockdown on sleep: a longitudinal study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f19bbff884d04b2699c8a24ef757e9df
work_keys_str_mv	AT mauriziogorgoni persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT serenascarpelli persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT anastasiamangiaruga persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT valentinaalfonsi persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT mariarbonsignore persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT francescofanfulla persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT luigiferinistrambi persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT linonobili persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT giuseppeplazzi persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT luigidegennaro persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy AT onbehalfoftheboardoftheitalianassociationofsleepmedicineaims persistenceoftheeffectsofthecovid19lockdownonsleepalongitudinalstudy
_version_	1718412872575352832

Persistence of the Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep: A Longitudinal Study

Ejemplares similares