Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia

Combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers has been proposed as a measure for sustainable yield intensification and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, fertilizer effects strongly depend on the soil type and still no precise information is available for Nitisols in Et...

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Autores principales:	Gebeyanesh Worku Zerssa, Dong-Gill Kim, Philipp Koal, Bettina Eichler-Löbermann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	organic fertilizer soil fertility global warming potential microbial activity crop yields Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f1c57a30b5584ee1b08290860a1a597a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f1c57a30b5584ee1b08290860a1a597a2021-11-25T16:02:31ZCombination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia10.3390/agronomy111120972073-4395https://doaj.org/article/f1c57a30b5584ee1b08290860a1a597a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2097https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers has been proposed as a measure for sustainable yield intensification and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, fertilizer effects strongly depend on the soil type and still no precise information is available for Nitisols in Ethiopia. The study evaluated effects of different ratios of biowaste compost and mineral fertilizers (consisting of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulphur (S)) on maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L. Bako-hybrid) yields in a two-year field trial. Soil samples from each treatment of the field trial were used to estimate emissions of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), and microbial activity in a 28-day incubation experiment with two moisture levels (40% and 75% water-filled pore space, WFPS). The application of fertilizers corresponded to a N supply of about 100 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, whereby the pure application of mineral fertilizers (100 min) was gradually replaced by compost. Maize yields were increased by 12 to 18% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the combined treatments of compost and mineral fertilizers compared to the 100 min treatment. The cumulative emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> but not CH<sub>4</sub> were affected by the fertilizer treatments and soil moisture levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At 75% WFPS, the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in the 100 min treatment was with 16.3 g ha<sup>−1</sup> more than twice as high as the treatment with 100% compost (6.4 g ha<sup>−1</sup>) and also considerably higher than in the 50% compost treatment (9.4 g ha<sup>−1</sup>). The results suggest that a compost application accounting for 40 to 70% of the N supply in the fertilizer combinations can be suitable to increase maize yields as well as to mitigate GHG emissions from Nitisols in Southwestern Ethiopia.Gebeyanesh Worku ZerssaDong-Gill KimPhilipp KoalBettina Eichler-LöbermannMDPI AGarticleorganic fertilizersoil fertilityglobal warming potentialmicrobial activitycrop yieldsAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2097, p 2097 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	organic fertilizer soil fertility global warming potential microbial activity crop yields Agriculture S
spellingShingle	organic fertilizer soil fertility global warming potential microbial activity crop yields Agriculture S Gebeyanesh Worku Zerssa Dong-Gill Kim Philipp Koal Bettina Eichler-Löbermann Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia
description	Combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers has been proposed as a measure for sustainable yield intensification and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, fertilizer effects strongly depend on the soil type and still no precise information is available for Nitisols in Ethiopia. The study evaluated effects of different ratios of biowaste compost and mineral fertilizers (consisting of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulphur (S)) on maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L. Bako-hybrid) yields in a two-year field trial. Soil samples from each treatment of the field trial were used to estimate emissions of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), and microbial activity in a 28-day incubation experiment with two moisture levels (40% and 75% water-filled pore space, WFPS). The application of fertilizers corresponded to a N supply of about 100 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, whereby the pure application of mineral fertilizers (100 min) was gradually replaced by compost. Maize yields were increased by 12 to 18% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the combined treatments of compost and mineral fertilizers compared to the 100 min treatment. The cumulative emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> but not CH<sub>4</sub> were affected by the fertilizer treatments and soil moisture levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At 75% WFPS, the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in the 100 min treatment was with 16.3 g ha<sup>−1</sup> more than twice as high as the treatment with 100% compost (6.4 g ha<sup>−1</sup>) and also considerably higher than in the 50% compost treatment (9.4 g ha<sup>−1</sup>). The results suggest that a compost application accounting for 40 to 70% of the N supply in the fertilizer combinations can be suitable to increase maize yields as well as to mitigate GHG emissions from Nitisols in Southwestern Ethiopia.
format	article
author	Gebeyanesh Worku Zerssa Dong-Gill Kim Philipp Koal Bettina Eichler-Löbermann
author_facet	Gebeyanesh Worku Zerssa Dong-Gill Kim Philipp Koal Bettina Eichler-Löbermann
author_sort	Gebeyanesh Worku Zerssa
title	Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia
title_short	Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia
title_full	Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia
title_fullStr	Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed	Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia
title_sort	combination of compost and mineral fertilizers as an option for enhancing maize (<i>zea mays</i> l.) yields and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from a nitisol in ethiopia
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f1c57a30b5584ee1b08290860a1a597a
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Combination of Compost and Mineral Fertilizers as an Option for Enhancing Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Yields and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Nitisol in Ethiopia

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