Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.

A computer program that tracks animal behavior, thereby revealing various features and mechanisms of social animals, is a powerful tool in ethological research. Because honeybee colonies are populated by thousands of bees, individuals co-exist in high physical densities and are difficult to track un...

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Autores principales:	Toshifumi Kimura, Mizue Ohashi, Karl Crailsheim, Thomas Schmickl, Ryuichi Okada, Gerald Radspieler, Hidetoshi Ikeno
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f1c7c60277184a73be7d7656fa51182a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f1c7c60277184a73be7d7656fa51182a2021-11-18T08:37:20ZDevelopment of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0084656https://doaj.org/article/f1c7c60277184a73be7d7656fa51182a2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24465422/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203A computer program that tracks animal behavior, thereby revealing various features and mechanisms of social animals, is a powerful tool in ethological research. Because honeybee colonies are populated by thousands of bees, individuals co-exist in high physical densities and are difficult to track unless specifically tagged, which can affect behavior. In addition, honeybees react to light and recordings must be made under special red-light conditions, which the eyes of bees perceive as darkness. The resulting video images are scarcely distinguishable. We have developed a new algorithm, K-Track, for tracking numerous bees in a flat laboratory arena. Our program implements three main processes: (A) The object (bee's) region is detected by simple threshold processing on gray scale images, (B) Individuals are identified by size, shape and spatiotemporal positional changes, and (C) Centers of mass of identified individuals are connected through all movie frames to yield individual behavioral trajectories. The tracking performance of our software was evaluated on movies of mobile multi-artificial agents and of 16 bees walking around a circular arena. K-Track accurately traced the trajectories of both artificial agents and bees. In the latter case, K-track outperformed Ctrax, well-known software for tracking multiple animals. To investigate interaction events in detail, we manually identified five interaction categories; 'crossing', 'touching', 'passing', 'overlapping' and 'waiting', and examined the extent to which the models accurately identified these categories from bee's interactions. All 7 identified failures occurred near a wall at the outer edge of the arena. Finally, K-Track and Ctrax successfully tracked 77 and 60 of 84 recorded interactive events, respectively. K-Track identified multiple bees on a flat surface and tracked their speed changes and encounters with other bees, with good performance.Toshifumi KimuraMizue OhashiKarl CrailsheimThomas SchmicklRyuichi OkadaGerald RadspielerHidetoshi IkenoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e84656 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Toshifumi Kimura Mizue Ohashi Karl Crailsheim Thomas Schmickl Ryuichi Okada Gerald Radspieler Hidetoshi Ikeno Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.
description	A computer program that tracks animal behavior, thereby revealing various features and mechanisms of social animals, is a powerful tool in ethological research. Because honeybee colonies are populated by thousands of bees, individuals co-exist in high physical densities and are difficult to track unless specifically tagged, which can affect behavior. In addition, honeybees react to light and recordings must be made under special red-light conditions, which the eyes of bees perceive as darkness. The resulting video images are scarcely distinguishable. We have developed a new algorithm, K-Track, for tracking numerous bees in a flat laboratory arena. Our program implements three main processes: (A) The object (bee's) region is detected by simple threshold processing on gray scale images, (B) Individuals are identified by size, shape and spatiotemporal positional changes, and (C) Centers of mass of identified individuals are connected through all movie frames to yield individual behavioral trajectories. The tracking performance of our software was evaluated on movies of mobile multi-artificial agents and of 16 bees walking around a circular arena. K-Track accurately traced the trajectories of both artificial agents and bees. In the latter case, K-track outperformed Ctrax, well-known software for tracking multiple animals. To investigate interaction events in detail, we manually identified five interaction categories; 'crossing', 'touching', 'passing', 'overlapping' and 'waiting', and examined the extent to which the models accurately identified these categories from bee's interactions. All 7 identified failures occurred near a wall at the outer edge of the arena. Finally, K-Track and Ctrax successfully tracked 77 and 60 of 84 recorded interactive events, respectively. K-Track identified multiple bees on a flat surface and tracked their speed changes and encounters with other bees, with good performance.
format	article
author	Toshifumi Kimura Mizue Ohashi Karl Crailsheim Thomas Schmickl Ryuichi Okada Gerald Radspieler Hidetoshi Ikeno
author_facet	Toshifumi Kimura Mizue Ohashi Karl Crailsheim Thomas Schmickl Ryuichi Okada Gerald Radspieler Hidetoshi Ikeno
author_sort	Toshifumi Kimura
title	Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.
title_short	Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.
title_full	Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.
title_fullStr	Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.
title_full_unstemmed	Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.
title_sort	development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/f1c7c60277184a73be7d7656fa51182a
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Development of a new method to track multiple honey bees with complex behaviors on a flat laboratory arena.

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