Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review

IntroductionAfter the results of phase III vaccine studies became available, the leading oncology societies recommended two doses of COVID-19 vaccination to all patients with cancer with no specific recommendation for tumor type and active treatments. However, the data on the COVID-19 vaccine effica...

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Autores principales:	Deniz C. Guven, Taha K. Sahin, Saadettin Kilickap, Fatih M. Uckun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 vaccination seroconversion cancer antibody Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f1dab24580d04d1cb62af92af96cee69
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f1dab24580d04d1cb62af92af96cee692021-11-04T05:34:33ZAntibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review2234-943X10.3389/fonc.2021.759108https://doaj.org/article/f1dab24580d04d1cb62af92af96cee692021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.759108/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2234-943XIntroductionAfter the results of phase III vaccine studies became available, the leading oncology societies recommended two doses of COVID-19 vaccination to all patients with cancer with no specific recommendation for tumor type and active treatments. However, the data on the COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in cancer patients is limited due to exclusion of cancer patients from most vaccine clinical trials. Therefore, we systemically reviewed the available evidence evaluating the antibody responses in cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search from the Pubmed database and calculated risk differences (RD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to compare seroconversion rates between cancer patients and controls using the Review Manager software, version 5.3.ResultsOur systematic search retrieved a total 27 studies and we included 17 studies with control arms in the analyses. Cancer patients had significantly lower seroconversion rates (37.3%) than controls (74.1%) (RD: -0.44, 95% CI: -0.52, -0.35, p<0.001) with first vaccine dose. After two doses, the seroconversion rates were 99.6% in control arm and 78.3% in cancer patients (RD: -0.19, 95% CI: -0.28, -0.10, p<0.001). The difference in seroconversion rates was more pronounced patients with hematologic malignancies (72.6%) (RD: -0.25, 95% CI: -0.27, -0.22, p<0.001) than patients with solid tumors (91.6%) (RD: -0.09, 95% CI: -0.13, -0.04, p<0.003) and patients in remission (RD: -0.10, 95% CI: -0.14, -0.06, p<0.001).ConclusionIn conclusion, COVID-19 vaccine seroconversion rates were significantly lower in patients with hematological malignancies and patients under active treatment. Further research focusing on the approaches to improve vaccine efficacy and exploration of novel treatment options is urgently needed for these patients.Deniz C. GuvenTaha K. SahinSaadettin KilickapSaadettin KilickapFatih M. UckunFatih M. UckunFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19vaccinationseroconversioncancerantibodyNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENFrontiers in Oncology, Vol 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 vaccination seroconversion cancer antibody Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	COVID-19 vaccination seroconversion cancer antibody Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Deniz C. Guven Taha K. Sahin Saadettin Kilickap Saadettin Kilickap Fatih M. Uckun Fatih M. Uckun Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review
description	IntroductionAfter the results of phase III vaccine studies became available, the leading oncology societies recommended two doses of COVID-19 vaccination to all patients with cancer with no specific recommendation for tumor type and active treatments. However, the data on the COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in cancer patients is limited due to exclusion of cancer patients from most vaccine clinical trials. Therefore, we systemically reviewed the available evidence evaluating the antibody responses in cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search from the Pubmed database and calculated risk differences (RD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to compare seroconversion rates between cancer patients and controls using the Review Manager software, version 5.3.ResultsOur systematic search retrieved a total 27 studies and we included 17 studies with control arms in the analyses. Cancer patients had significantly lower seroconversion rates (37.3%) than controls (74.1%) (RD: -0.44, 95% CI: -0.52, -0.35, p<0.001) with first vaccine dose. After two doses, the seroconversion rates were 99.6% in control arm and 78.3% in cancer patients (RD: -0.19, 95% CI: -0.28, -0.10, p<0.001). The difference in seroconversion rates was more pronounced patients with hematologic malignancies (72.6%) (RD: -0.25, 95% CI: -0.27, -0.22, p<0.001) than patients with solid tumors (91.6%) (RD: -0.09, 95% CI: -0.13, -0.04, p<0.003) and patients in remission (RD: -0.10, 95% CI: -0.14, -0.06, p<0.001).ConclusionIn conclusion, COVID-19 vaccine seroconversion rates were significantly lower in patients with hematological malignancies and patients under active treatment. Further research focusing on the approaches to improve vaccine efficacy and exploration of novel treatment options is urgently needed for these patients.
format	article
author	Deniz C. Guven Taha K. Sahin Saadettin Kilickap Saadettin Kilickap Fatih M. Uckun Fatih M. Uckun
author_facet	Deniz C. Guven Taha K. Sahin Saadettin Kilickap Saadettin Kilickap Fatih M. Uckun Fatih M. Uckun
author_sort	Deniz C. Guven
title	Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_short	Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_full	Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_sort	antibody responses to covid-19 vaccination in cancer: a systematic review
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f1dab24580d04d1cb62af92af96cee69
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Antibody Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer: A Systematic Review

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