Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet

Abstract Conservation strategies centered around species habitat protection rely on species’ dietary information. One species at the focal point of conservation efforts is the herbivorous grouse, the western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), which is an indicator species for forest biodiversity conse...

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Autores principales:	Physilia Ying Shi Chua, Youri Lammers, Emmanuel Menoni, Torbjørn Ekrem, Kristine Bohmann, Sanne Boessenkool, Inger Greve Alsos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	ecology environmental DNA grouse herbivory high‐throughput sequencing Environmental sciences GE1-350 Microbial ecology QR100-130
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f202579e1acd4d7ea5ec47ba2ce1dc37
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f202579e1acd4d7ea5ec47ba2ce1dc372021-11-23T16:15:24ZMolecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet2637-494310.1002/edn3.237https://doaj.org/article/f202579e1acd4d7ea5ec47ba2ce1dc372021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.237https://doaj.org/toc/2637-4943Abstract Conservation strategies centered around species habitat protection rely on species’ dietary information. One species at the focal point of conservation efforts is the herbivorous grouse, the western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), which is an indicator species for forest biodiversity conservation. Non‐molecular means used to study their diet are time‐consuming and at low taxonomic resolution. This delays the implementation of conservation strategies including resource protection due to uncertainty about its diet. Thus, limited knowledge on diet is hampering conservation efforts. Here, we use non‐invasive environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding on DNA extracted from faces to present the first large‐scale molecular dietary analysis of capercaillies. Facal samples were collected from seven populations located in Norway (Finnmark, Troms, Trøndelag, Innlandet) and France (Vosges, Jura, Pyrenees) (n = 172). We detected 122 plant taxa belonging to 46 plant families of which 37.7% of the detected taxa could be identified at species level. The average dietary richness of each sample was 7 ± 5 SD taxa. The most frequently occurring plant groups with the highest relative read abundance (RRA) were trees and dwarf shrubs, in particular, Pinus and Vaccinium myrtillus, respectively. There was a difference in dietary composition (RRA) between samples collected from the different locations (adonis pseudo F5,86 = 11.01, r2 = 0.17, p = 0.001) and seasons (adonis pseudo F2,03 = 0.64, r2 = 0.01, p = 0.036). Dietary composition also differed between sexes at each location (adonis pseudo F1,47 = 2.77, r2 = 0.04, p = 0.024), although not significant for all data combined. In total, 35 taxa (36.8% of taxa recorded) were new capercaillie food items compared with existing knowledge from non‐molecular means. The non‐invasive molecular dietary analysis applied in this study provides new ecological information of capercaillies’ diet, improving our understanding of adequate habitat required for their conservation.Physilia Ying Shi ChuaYouri LammersEmmanuel MenoniTorbjørn EkremKristine BohmannSanne BoessenkoolInger Greve AlsosWileyarticleecologyenvironmental DNAgrouseherbivoryhigh‐throughput sequencingEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350Microbial ecologyQR100-130ENEnvironmental DNA, Vol 3, Iss 6, Pp 1156-1171 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ecology environmental DNA grouse herbivory high‐throughput sequencing Environmental sciences GE1-350 Microbial ecology QR100-130
spellingShingle	ecology environmental DNA grouse herbivory high‐throughput sequencing Environmental sciences GE1-350 Microbial ecology QR100-130 Physilia Ying Shi Chua Youri Lammers Emmanuel Menoni Torbjørn Ekrem Kristine Bohmann Sanne Boessenkool Inger Greve Alsos Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet
description	Abstract Conservation strategies centered around species habitat protection rely on species’ dietary information. One species at the focal point of conservation efforts is the herbivorous grouse, the western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), which is an indicator species for forest biodiversity conservation. Non‐molecular means used to study their diet are time‐consuming and at low taxonomic resolution. This delays the implementation of conservation strategies including resource protection due to uncertainty about its diet. Thus, limited knowledge on diet is hampering conservation efforts. Here, we use non‐invasive environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding on DNA extracted from faces to present the first large‐scale molecular dietary analysis of capercaillies. Facal samples were collected from seven populations located in Norway (Finnmark, Troms, Trøndelag, Innlandet) and France (Vosges, Jura, Pyrenees) (n = 172). We detected 122 plant taxa belonging to 46 plant families of which 37.7% of the detected taxa could be identified at species level. The average dietary richness of each sample was 7 ± 5 SD taxa. The most frequently occurring plant groups with the highest relative read abundance (RRA) were trees and dwarf shrubs, in particular, Pinus and Vaccinium myrtillus, respectively. There was a difference in dietary composition (RRA) between samples collected from the different locations (adonis pseudo F5,86 = 11.01, r2 = 0.17, p = 0.001) and seasons (adonis pseudo F2,03 = 0.64, r2 = 0.01, p = 0.036). Dietary composition also differed between sexes at each location (adonis pseudo F1,47 = 2.77, r2 = 0.04, p = 0.024), although not significant for all data combined. In total, 35 taxa (36.8% of taxa recorded) were new capercaillie food items compared with existing knowledge from non‐molecular means. The non‐invasive molecular dietary analysis applied in this study provides new ecological information of capercaillies’ diet, improving our understanding of adequate habitat required for their conservation.
format	article
author	Physilia Ying Shi Chua Youri Lammers Emmanuel Menoni Torbjørn Ekrem Kristine Bohmann Sanne Boessenkool Inger Greve Alsos
author_facet	Physilia Ying Shi Chua Youri Lammers Emmanuel Menoni Torbjørn Ekrem Kristine Bohmann Sanne Boessenkool Inger Greve Alsos
author_sort	Physilia Ying Shi Chua
title	Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet
title_short	Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet
title_full	Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet
title_fullStr	Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet
title_sort	molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f202579e1acd4d7ea5ec47ba2ce1dc37
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Molecular dietary analyses of western capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) reveal a diverse diet

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