Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.

Pathogens switching to new hosts can result in the emergence of new infectious diseases, and determining which species are likely to be sources of such host shifts is essential to understanding disease threats to both humans and wildlife. However, the factors that determine whether a pathogen can in...

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Autores principales:	Ben Longdon, Jarrod D Hadfield, Claire L Webster, Darren J Obbard, Francis M Jiggins
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f26faad5d6ae432ea56f09d8de290401
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f26faad5d6ae432ea56f09d8de2904012021-11-04T05:51:26ZHost phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1002260https://doaj.org/article/f26faad5d6ae432ea56f09d8de2904012011-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21966271/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Pathogens switching to new hosts can result in the emergence of new infectious diseases, and determining which species are likely to be sources of such host shifts is essential to understanding disease threats to both humans and wildlife. However, the factors that determine whether a pathogen can infect a novel host are poorly understood. We have examined the ability of three host-specific RNA-viruses (Drosophila sigma viruses from the family Rhabdoviridae) to persist and replicate in 51 different species of Drosophilidae. Using a novel analytical approach we found that the host phylogeny could explain most of the variation in viral replication and persistence between different host species. This effect is partly driven by viruses reaching a higher titre in those novel hosts most closely related to the original host. However, there is also a strong effect of host phylogeny that is independent of the distance from the original host, with viral titres being similar in groups of related hosts. Most of this effect could be explained by variation in general susceptibility to all three sigma viruses, as there is a strong phylogenetic correlation in the titres of the three viruses. These results suggest that the source of new emerging diseases may often be predictable from the host phylogeny, but that the effect may be more complex than simply causing most host shifts to occur between closely related hosts.Ben LongdonJarrod D HadfieldClaire L WebsterDarren J ObbardFrancis M JigginsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 7, Iss 9, p e1002260 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ben Longdon Jarrod D Hadfield Claire L Webster Darren J Obbard Francis M Jiggins Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.
description	Pathogens switching to new hosts can result in the emergence of new infectious diseases, and determining which species are likely to be sources of such host shifts is essential to understanding disease threats to both humans and wildlife. However, the factors that determine whether a pathogen can infect a novel host are poorly understood. We have examined the ability of three host-specific RNA-viruses (Drosophila sigma viruses from the family Rhabdoviridae) to persist and replicate in 51 different species of Drosophilidae. Using a novel analytical approach we found that the host phylogeny could explain most of the variation in viral replication and persistence between different host species. This effect is partly driven by viruses reaching a higher titre in those novel hosts most closely related to the original host. However, there is also a strong effect of host phylogeny that is independent of the distance from the original host, with viral titres being similar in groups of related hosts. Most of this effect could be explained by variation in general susceptibility to all three sigma viruses, as there is a strong phylogenetic correlation in the titres of the three viruses. These results suggest that the source of new emerging diseases may often be predictable from the host phylogeny, but that the effect may be more complex than simply causing most host shifts to occur between closely related hosts.
format	article
author	Ben Longdon Jarrod D Hadfield Claire L Webster Darren J Obbard Francis M Jiggins
author_facet	Ben Longdon Jarrod D Hadfield Claire L Webster Darren J Obbard Francis M Jiggins
author_sort	Ben Longdon
title	Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.
title_short	Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.
title_full	Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.
title_fullStr	Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.
title_full_unstemmed	Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.
title_sort	host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/f26faad5d6ae432ea56f09d8de290401
work_keys_str_mv	AT benlongdon hostphylogenydeterminesviralpersistenceandreplicationinnovelhosts AT jarroddhadfield hostphylogenydeterminesviralpersistenceandreplicationinnovelhosts AT clairelwebster hostphylogenydeterminesviralpersistenceandreplicationinnovelhosts AT darrenjobbard hostphylogenydeterminesviralpersistenceandreplicationinnovelhosts AT francismjiggins hostphylogenydeterminesviralpersistenceandreplicationinnovelhosts
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Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts.

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