Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.

<h4>Background</h4>Mediation analysis investigates whether a variable (i.e., mediator) changes in regard to an independent variable, in turn, affecting a dependent variable. Moderation analysis, on the other hand, investigates whether the statistical interaction between independent varia...

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Autores principales:	Ali Al Nima, Patricia Rosenberg, Trevor Archer, Danilo Garcia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f2afc2004e614cc6bf5473c47478016b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f2afc2004e614cc6bf5473c47478016b2021-11-18T08:56:20ZAnxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0073265https://doaj.org/article/f2afc2004e614cc6bf5473c47478016b2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24039896/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Mediation analysis investigates whether a variable (i.e., mediator) changes in regard to an independent variable, in turn, affecting a dependent variable. Moderation analysis, on the other hand, investigates whether the statistical interaction between independent variables predict a dependent variable. Although this difference between these two types of analysis is explicit in current literature, there is still confusion with regard to the mediating and moderating effects of different variables on depression. The purpose of this study was to assess the mediating and moderating effects of anxiety, stress, positive affect, and negative affect on depression.<h4>Methods</h4>Two hundred and two university students (males = 93, females = 113) completed questionnaires assessing anxiety, stress, self-esteem, positive and negative affect, and depression. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted using techniques based on standard multiple regression and hierarchical regression analyses.<h4>Main findings</h4>The results indicated that (i) anxiety partially mediated the effects of both stress and self-esteem upon depression, (ii) that stress partially mediated the effects of anxiety and positive affect upon depression, (iii) that stress completely mediated the effects of self-esteem on depression, and (iv) that there was a significant interaction between stress and negative affect, and between positive affect and negative affect upon depression.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The study highlights different research questions that can be investigated depending on whether researchers decide to use the same variables as mediators and/or moderators.Ali Al NimaPatricia RosenbergTrevor ArcherDanilo GarciaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 9, p e73265 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ali Al Nima Patricia Rosenberg Trevor Archer Danilo Garcia Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Mediation analysis investigates whether a variable (i.e., mediator) changes in regard to an independent variable, in turn, affecting a dependent variable. Moderation analysis, on the other hand, investigates whether the statistical interaction between independent variables predict a dependent variable. Although this difference between these two types of analysis is explicit in current literature, there is still confusion with regard to the mediating and moderating effects of different variables on depression. The purpose of this study was to assess the mediating and moderating effects of anxiety, stress, positive affect, and negative affect on depression.<h4>Methods</h4>Two hundred and two university students (males = 93, females = 113) completed questionnaires assessing anxiety, stress, self-esteem, positive and negative affect, and depression. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted using techniques based on standard multiple regression and hierarchical regression analyses.<h4>Main findings</h4>The results indicated that (i) anxiety partially mediated the effects of both stress and self-esteem upon depression, (ii) that stress partially mediated the effects of anxiety and positive affect upon depression, (iii) that stress completely mediated the effects of self-esteem on depression, and (iv) that there was a significant interaction between stress and negative affect, and between positive affect and negative affect upon depression.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The study highlights different research questions that can be investigated depending on whether researchers decide to use the same variables as mediators and/or moderators.
format	article
author	Ali Al Nima Patricia Rosenberg Trevor Archer Danilo Garcia
author_facet	Ali Al Nima Patricia Rosenberg Trevor Archer Danilo Garcia
author_sort	Ali Al Nima
title	Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.
title_short	Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.
title_full	Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.
title_fullStr	Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.
title_full_unstemmed	Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.
title_sort	anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/f2afc2004e614cc6bf5473c47478016b
work_keys_str_mv	AT alialnima anxietyaffectselfesteemandstressmediationandmoderationeffectsondepression AT patriciarosenberg anxietyaffectselfesteemandstressmediationandmoderationeffectsondepression AT trevorarcher anxietyaffectselfesteemandstressmediationandmoderationeffectsondepression AT danilogarcia anxietyaffectselfesteemandstressmediationandmoderationeffectsondepression
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Anxiety, affect, self-esteem, and stress: mediation and moderation effects on depression.

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