Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have been under investigation as potential treatments for a diverse range of diseases, and many animal and clinical trials have achieved encouraging results. However, it is well known that the biological activity of the exosomes is key to their therapeutic prop...

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Autores principales:	Chen Xia, Zhanqiu Dai, Yongming Jin, Pengfei Chen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	mesenchymal stem cell exosome inflammation metabolism oxidative stress Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f2bf9ea315be4fa6a7f08cd46b574d51
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f2bf9ea315be4fa6a7f08cd46b574d512021-12-01T13:26:36ZEmerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy1664-239210.3389/fendo.2021.727272https://doaj.org/article/f2bf9ea315be4fa6a7f08cd46b574d512021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.727272/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have been under investigation as potential treatments for a diverse range of diseases, and many animal and clinical trials have achieved encouraging results. However, it is well known that the biological activity of the exosomes is key to their therapeutic properties; however, till date, it has not been completely understood. Previous studies have provided different explanations of therapeutic mechanisms of the exosomes, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-aging mechanisms. The pathological effects of oxidative stress often include organ damage, inflammation, and disorders of material and energy metabolism. The evidence gathered from research involving animal models indicates that exosomes have antioxidant properties, which can also explain their anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. In this study, we have summarized the antioxidant effects of exosomes in in vivo and in vitro models, and have evaluated the anti-oxidant mechanisms of exosomes by demonstrating a direct reduction in excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), promotion of intracellular defence of anti-oxidative stress, immunomodulation by inhibiting excess ROS, and alteration of mitochondrial performance. Exosomes exert their cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties by regulating the redox environment and oxidative stress, which explains the therapeutic effects of exosomes in a variety of diseases, mechanisms that can be well preserved among different species.Chen XiaChen XiaChen XiaZhanqiu DaiZhanqiu DaiZhanqiu DaiZhanqiu DaiYongming JinPengfei ChenPengfei ChenFrontiers Media S.A.articlemesenchymal stem cellexosomeinflammationmetabolismoxidative stressDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665ENFrontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mesenchymal stem cell exosome inflammation metabolism oxidative stress Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
spellingShingle	mesenchymal stem cell exosome inflammation metabolism oxidative stress Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Chen Xia Chen Xia Chen Xia Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Yongming Jin Pengfei Chen Pengfei Chen Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy
description	Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have been under investigation as potential treatments for a diverse range of diseases, and many animal and clinical trials have achieved encouraging results. However, it is well known that the biological activity of the exosomes is key to their therapeutic properties; however, till date, it has not been completely understood. Previous studies have provided different explanations of therapeutic mechanisms of the exosomes, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-aging mechanisms. The pathological effects of oxidative stress often include organ damage, inflammation, and disorders of material and energy metabolism. The evidence gathered from research involving animal models indicates that exosomes have antioxidant properties, which can also explain their anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. In this study, we have summarized the antioxidant effects of exosomes in in vivo and in vitro models, and have evaluated the anti-oxidant mechanisms of exosomes by demonstrating a direct reduction in excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), promotion of intracellular defence of anti-oxidative stress, immunomodulation by inhibiting excess ROS, and alteration of mitochondrial performance. Exosomes exert their cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties by regulating the redox environment and oxidative stress, which explains the therapeutic effects of exosomes in a variety of diseases, mechanisms that can be well preserved among different species.
format	article
author	Chen Xia Chen Xia Chen Xia Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Yongming Jin Pengfei Chen Pengfei Chen
author_facet	Chen Xia Chen Xia Chen Xia Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Zhanqiu Dai Yongming Jin Pengfei Chen Pengfei Chen
author_sort	Chen Xia
title	Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy
title_short	Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy
title_full	Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy
title_fullStr	Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy
title_full_unstemmed	Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy
title_sort	emerging antioxidant paradigm of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome therapy
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f2bf9ea315be4fa6a7f08cd46b574d51
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Emerging Antioxidant Paradigm of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy

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