Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders affecting two opposite ends of life span, i.e., childhood and old age. Both disorders pose a cumulative threat to human health, with the rate of incidences increasing considerably world...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Shahid Nadeem, Salman Hosawi, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Syed Sarim Imam, Bibi Nazia Murtaza, Imran Kazmi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	autism spectrum disorder Alzheimer’s disease symptoms genes pathogenesis mechanisms Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f2c0569e8fe34defaa72a83de120e815
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f2c0569e8fe34defaa72a83de120e8152021-11-25T16:53:10ZSymptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease10.3390/biom111116352218-273Xhttps://doaj.org/article/f2c0569e8fe34defaa72a83de120e8152021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/11/1635https://doaj.org/toc/2218-273XAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders affecting two opposite ends of life span, i.e., childhood and old age. Both disorders pose a cumulative threat to human health, with the rate of incidences increasing considerably worldwide. In the context of recent developments, we aimed to review correlated symptoms and genetics, and overlapping aspects in the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of ASD and AD. Dementia, insomnia, and weak neuromuscular interaction, as well as communicative and cognitive impairments, are shared symptoms. A number of genes and proteins linked with both disorders have been tabulated, including MECP2, ADNP, SCN2A, NLGN, SHANK, PTEN, RELN, and FMR1. Theories about the role of neuron development, processing, connectivity, and levels of neurotransmitters in both disorders have been discussed. Based on the recent literature, the roles of FMRP (Fragile X mental retardation protein), hnRNPC (heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein-C), IRP (Iron regulatory proteins), miRNAs (MicroRNAs), and α-, β0, and γ-secretases in the posttranscriptional regulation of cellular synthesis and processing of APP (amyloid-β precursor protein) have been elaborated to describe the parallel and overlapping routes and mechanisms of ASD and AD pathogenesis. However, the interactive role of genetic and environmental factors, oxidative and metal ion stress, mutations in the associated genes, and alterations in the related cellular pathways in the development of ASD and AD needs further investigation.Muhammad Shahid NadeemSalman HosawiSultan AlshehriMohammed M. GhoneimSyed Sarim ImamBibi Nazia MurtazaImran KazmiMDPI AGarticleautism spectrum disorderAlzheimer’s diseasesymptomsgenespathogenesismechanismsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENBiomolecules, Vol 11, Iss 1635, p 1635 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	autism spectrum disorder Alzheimer’s disease symptoms genes pathogenesis mechanisms Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	autism spectrum disorder Alzheimer’s disease symptoms genes pathogenesis mechanisms Microbiology QR1-502 Muhammad Shahid Nadeem Salman Hosawi Sultan Alshehri Mohammed M. Ghoneim Syed Sarim Imam Bibi Nazia Murtaza Imran Kazmi Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease
description	Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders affecting two opposite ends of life span, i.e., childhood and old age. Both disorders pose a cumulative threat to human health, with the rate of incidences increasing considerably worldwide. In the context of recent developments, we aimed to review correlated symptoms and genetics, and overlapping aspects in the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of ASD and AD. Dementia, insomnia, and weak neuromuscular interaction, as well as communicative and cognitive impairments, are shared symptoms. A number of genes and proteins linked with both disorders have been tabulated, including MECP2, ADNP, SCN2A, NLGN, SHANK, PTEN, RELN, and FMR1. Theories about the role of neuron development, processing, connectivity, and levels of neurotransmitters in both disorders have been discussed. Based on the recent literature, the roles of FMRP (Fragile X mental retardation protein), hnRNPC (heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein-C), IRP (Iron regulatory proteins), miRNAs (MicroRNAs), and α-, β0, and γ-secretases in the posttranscriptional regulation of cellular synthesis and processing of APP (amyloid-β precursor protein) have been elaborated to describe the parallel and overlapping routes and mechanisms of ASD and AD pathogenesis. However, the interactive role of genetic and environmental factors, oxidative and metal ion stress, mutations in the associated genes, and alterations in the related cellular pathways in the development of ASD and AD needs further investigation.
format	article
author	Muhammad Shahid Nadeem Salman Hosawi Sultan Alshehri Mohammed M. Ghoneim Syed Sarim Imam Bibi Nazia Murtaza Imran Kazmi
author_facet	Muhammad Shahid Nadeem Salman Hosawi Sultan Alshehri Mohammed M. Ghoneim Syed Sarim Imam Bibi Nazia Murtaza Imran Kazmi
author_sort	Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
title	Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease
title_short	Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full	Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease
title_fullStr	Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full_unstemmed	Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease
title_sort	symptomatic, genetic, and mechanistic overlaps between autism and alzheimer’s disease
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f2c0569e8fe34defaa72a83de120e815
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_version_	1718412933109645312

Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer’s Disease

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