Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors

Abstract Restricted food intake, either from lack of food sources or endogenous fasting, during reproductive periods is a widespread phenomenon across the animal kingdom. Considering previous studies show the canonical upstream regulator of reproduction in vertebrates, the hypothalamic Gonadotropin-...

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Autores principales:	Miranda Marvel, Berta Levavi-Sivan, Ten-Tsao Wong, Nilli Zmora, Yonathan Zohar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f2f1ceb2418849beb6fbd4bd71aa0325
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f2f1ceb2418849beb6fbd4bd71aa03252021-12-02T16:35:56ZGnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors10.1038/s41598-021-86018-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f2f1ceb2418849beb6fbd4bd71aa03252021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86018-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Restricted food intake, either from lack of food sources or endogenous fasting, during reproductive periods is a widespread phenomenon across the animal kingdom. Considering previous studies show the canonical upstream regulator of reproduction in vertebrates, the hypothalamic Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh), is inhibited in some fasting animals, we sought to understand the neuroendocrine control of reproduction in fasted states. Here, we explore the roles of the midbrain neuropeptide, Gnrh2, in inducing reproduction via its pituitary prevalence, gonadotropin synthesis, gametogenesis, and reproductive outputs in the zebrafish model undergoing different feeding regimes. We discovered a fasting-induced four-fold increase in length and abundance of Gnrh2 neuronal projections to the pituitary and in close proximity to gonadotropes, whereas the hypothalamic Gnrh3 neurons are reduced by six-fold in length. Subsequently, we analyzed the functional roles of Gnrh2 by comparing reproductive parameters of a Gnrh2-depleted model, gnrh2 −/−, to wild-type zebrafish undergoing different feeding conditions. We found that Gnrh2 depletion in fasted states compromises spawning success, with associated decreases in gonadotropin production, oogenesis, fecundity, and male courting behavior. Gnrh2 neurons do not compensate in other circumstances by which Gnrh3 is depleted, such as in gnrh3 −/− zebrafish, implying that Gnrh2 acts to induce reproduction specifically in fasted zebrafish.Miranda MarvelBerta Levavi-SivanTen-Tsao WongNilli ZmoraYonathan ZoharNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Miranda Marvel Berta Levavi-Sivan Ten-Tsao Wong Nilli Zmora Yonathan Zohar Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors
description	Abstract Restricted food intake, either from lack of food sources or endogenous fasting, during reproductive periods is a widespread phenomenon across the animal kingdom. Considering previous studies show the canonical upstream regulator of reproduction in vertebrates, the hypothalamic Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh), is inhibited in some fasting animals, we sought to understand the neuroendocrine control of reproduction in fasted states. Here, we explore the roles of the midbrain neuropeptide, Gnrh2, in inducing reproduction via its pituitary prevalence, gonadotropin synthesis, gametogenesis, and reproductive outputs in the zebrafish model undergoing different feeding regimes. We discovered a fasting-induced four-fold increase in length and abundance of Gnrh2 neuronal projections to the pituitary and in close proximity to gonadotropes, whereas the hypothalamic Gnrh3 neurons are reduced by six-fold in length. Subsequently, we analyzed the functional roles of Gnrh2 by comparing reproductive parameters of a Gnrh2-depleted model, gnrh2 −/−, to wild-type zebrafish undergoing different feeding conditions. We found that Gnrh2 depletion in fasted states compromises spawning success, with associated decreases in gonadotropin production, oogenesis, fecundity, and male courting behavior. Gnrh2 neurons do not compensate in other circumstances by which Gnrh3 is depleted, such as in gnrh3 −/− zebrafish, implying that Gnrh2 acts to induce reproduction specifically in fasted zebrafish.
format	article
author	Miranda Marvel Berta Levavi-Sivan Ten-Tsao Wong Nilli Zmora Yonathan Zohar
author_facet	Miranda Marvel Berta Levavi-Sivan Ten-Tsao Wong Nilli Zmora Yonathan Zohar
author_sort	Miranda Marvel
title	Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors
title_short	Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors
title_full	Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors
title_fullStr	Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors
title_full_unstemmed	Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors
title_sort	gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f2f1ceb2418849beb6fbd4bd71aa0325
work_keys_str_mv	AT mirandamarvel gnrh2maintainsreproductioninfastingzebrafishthroughdynamicneuronalprojectionchangesandregulationofgonadotropinsynthesisoogenesisandreproductivebehaviors AT bertalevavisivan gnrh2maintainsreproductioninfastingzebrafishthroughdynamicneuronalprojectionchangesandregulationofgonadotropinsynthesisoogenesisandreproductivebehaviors AT tentsaowong gnrh2maintainsreproductioninfastingzebrafishthroughdynamicneuronalprojectionchangesandregulationofgonadotropinsynthesisoogenesisandreproductivebehaviors AT nillizmora gnrh2maintainsreproductioninfastingzebrafishthroughdynamicneuronalprojectionchangesandregulationofgonadotropinsynthesisoogenesisandreproductivebehaviors AT yonathanzohar gnrh2maintainsreproductioninfastingzebrafishthroughdynamicneuronalprojectionchangesandregulationofgonadotropinsynthesisoogenesisandreproductivebehaviors
_version_	1718383728776970240

Gnrh2 maintains reproduction in fasting zebrafish through dynamic neuronal projection changes and regulation of gonadotropin synthesis, oogenesis, and reproductive behaviors

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