Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings

Purpose of review: increasing evidence suggests that besides the several metabolic, endocrine, and immune functions of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), the neuronal effects of 1,25(OH)2D should also be considered an essential contributor to the development of cognition in the early years a...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Zsolt Gáll, Orsolya Székely
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	vitamin D vitamin D deficiency central nervous system cognitive function brain development Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f2f60a67390040c2a5045c0e99c952e4
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:f2f60a67390040c2a5045c0e99c952e4
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f2f60a67390040c2a5045c0e99c952e42021-11-25T18:33:02ZRole of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings10.3390/nu131136722072-6643https://doaj.org/article/f2f60a67390040c2a5045c0e99c952e42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3672https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Purpose of review: increasing evidence suggests that besides the several metabolic, endocrine, and immune functions of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), the neuronal effects of 1,25(OH)2D should also be considered an essential contributor to the development of cognition in the early years and its maintenance in aging. The developmental disabilities induced by vitamin D deficiency (VDD) include neurological disorders (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia) characterized by cognitive dysfunction. On the other hand, VDD has frequently been associated with dementia of aging and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease). Recent findings: various cells (i.e., neurons, astrocytes, and microglia) within the central nervous system (CNS) express vitamin D receptors (VDR). Moreover, some of them are capable of synthesizing and catabolizing 1,25(OH)2D via 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) enzymes, respectively. Both 1,25(OH)2D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined from different areas of the brain and their uneven distribution suggests that vitamin D signaling might have a paracrine or autocrine nature in the CNS. Although both cholecalciferol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D pass the blood–brain barrier, the influence of supplementation has not yet demonstrated to have a direct impact on neuronal functions. So, this review summarizes the existing evidence for the action of vitamin D on cognitive function in animal models and humans and discusses the possible pitfalls of therapeutic clinical translation.Zsolt GállOrsolya SzékelyMDPI AGarticlevitamin Dvitamin D deficiencycentral nervous systemcognitive functionbrain developmentNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3672, p 3672 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	vitamin D vitamin D deficiency central nervous system cognitive function brain development Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	vitamin D vitamin D deficiency central nervous system cognitive function brain development Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Zsolt Gáll Orsolya Székely Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings
description	Purpose of review: increasing evidence suggests that besides the several metabolic, endocrine, and immune functions of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), the neuronal effects of 1,25(OH)2D should also be considered an essential contributor to the development of cognition in the early years and its maintenance in aging. The developmental disabilities induced by vitamin D deficiency (VDD) include neurological disorders (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia) characterized by cognitive dysfunction. On the other hand, VDD has frequently been associated with dementia of aging and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease). Recent findings: various cells (i.e., neurons, astrocytes, and microglia) within the central nervous system (CNS) express vitamin D receptors (VDR). Moreover, some of them are capable of synthesizing and catabolizing 1,25(OH)2D via 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) enzymes, respectively. Both 1,25(OH)2D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined from different areas of the brain and their uneven distribution suggests that vitamin D signaling might have a paracrine or autocrine nature in the CNS. Although both cholecalciferol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D pass the blood–brain barrier, the influence of supplementation has not yet demonstrated to have a direct impact on neuronal functions. So, this review summarizes the existing evidence for the action of vitamin D on cognitive function in animal models and humans and discusses the possible pitfalls of therapeutic clinical translation.
format	article
author	Zsolt Gáll Orsolya Székely
author_facet	Zsolt Gáll Orsolya Székely
author_sort	Zsolt Gáll
title	Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings
title_short	Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings
title_full	Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings
title_fullStr	Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings
title_full_unstemmed	Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings
title_sort	role of vitamin d in cognitive dysfunction: new molecular concepts and discrepancies between animal and human findings
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f2f60a67390040c2a5045c0e99c952e4
work_keys_str_mv	AT zsoltgall roleofvitamindincognitivedysfunctionnewmolecularconceptsanddiscrepanciesbetweenanimalandhumanfindings AT orsolyaszekely roleofvitamindincognitivedysfunctionnewmolecularconceptsanddiscrepanciesbetweenanimalandhumanfindings
_version_	1718411052797919232

Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings

Ejemplares similares