Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.

Excess copper (Cu) in soil due to industrial and agricultural practices can result in reduced plant growth. Excess Cu resulted in severely retarded root growth with severe discoloration of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Medicago truncatula. Growth in the presence of hydrogen peroxide resulted in simi...

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Autores principales:	Siyi Zhao, Yanqiao Zhu, Wenwen Liu, Xiaoshan Wang, Han Wang, Yingping Cao, Fei Chen, Longxing Hu, Lixia Gong, Chunxiang Fu, Zhifei Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3142330450c4d85b05d0e3f44510d62
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3142330450c4d85b05d0e3f44510d622021-12-02T20:13:29ZExogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259100https://doaj.org/article/f3142330450c4d85b05d0e3f44510d622021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259100https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Excess copper (Cu) in soil due to industrial and agricultural practices can result in reduced plant growth. Excess Cu resulted in severely retarded root growth with severe discoloration of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Medicago truncatula. Growth in the presence of hydrogen peroxide resulted in similar symptoms that could be partially recovered by the addition of the reductant ascorbic acid revealing damage was likely due to oxidative stress. The addition of proanthocyanidins (PAs) in the presence of Cu prevented much of the damage, including plant growth and restoration of lignin synthesis which was inhibited in the presence of excess Cu. Transcriptome analyses of the impact of excess Cu and the amelioration after PAs treatment revealed that changes were enriched in functions associated with the cell wall and extracellular processes, indicating that inhibition of cell wall synthesis was likely the reason for retarded growth. Excess Cu appeared to induce a strong defense response, along with alterations in the expression of a number of genes encoding transcription factors, notably related to ethylene signaling. The addition of PAs greatly reduced this response, and also induced novel genes that likely help ameliorate the effects of excess Cu. These included induction of genes involved in the last step of ascorbic acid biosynthesis and of enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis. Combined, these results show that excess Cu causes severe oxidative stress damage and inhibition of cell wall synthesis, which can be relieved by the addition of PAs.Siyi ZhaoYanqiao ZhuWenwen LiuXiaoshan WangHan WangYingping CaoFei ChenLongxing HuLixia GongChunxiang FuZhifei ZhangPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0259100 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Siyi Zhao Yanqiao Zhu Wenwen Liu Xiaoshan Wang Han Wang Yingping Cao Fei Chen Longxing Hu Lixia Gong Chunxiang Fu Zhifei Zhang Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.
description	Excess copper (Cu) in soil due to industrial and agricultural practices can result in reduced plant growth. Excess Cu resulted in severely retarded root growth with severe discoloration of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Medicago truncatula. Growth in the presence of hydrogen peroxide resulted in similar symptoms that could be partially recovered by the addition of the reductant ascorbic acid revealing damage was likely due to oxidative stress. The addition of proanthocyanidins (PAs) in the presence of Cu prevented much of the damage, including plant growth and restoration of lignin synthesis which was inhibited in the presence of excess Cu. Transcriptome analyses of the impact of excess Cu and the amelioration after PAs treatment revealed that changes were enriched in functions associated with the cell wall and extracellular processes, indicating that inhibition of cell wall synthesis was likely the reason for retarded growth. Excess Cu appeared to induce a strong defense response, along with alterations in the expression of a number of genes encoding transcription factors, notably related to ethylene signaling. The addition of PAs greatly reduced this response, and also induced novel genes that likely help ameliorate the effects of excess Cu. These included induction of genes involved in the last step of ascorbic acid biosynthesis and of enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis. Combined, these results show that excess Cu causes severe oxidative stress damage and inhibition of cell wall synthesis, which can be relieved by the addition of PAs.
format	article
author	Siyi Zhao Yanqiao Zhu Wenwen Liu Xiaoshan Wang Han Wang Yingping Cao Fei Chen Longxing Hu Lixia Gong Chunxiang Fu Zhifei Zhang
author_facet	Siyi Zhao Yanqiao Zhu Wenwen Liu Xiaoshan Wang Han Wang Yingping Cao Fei Chen Longxing Hu Lixia Gong Chunxiang Fu Zhifei Zhang
author_sort	Siyi Zhao
title	Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.
title_short	Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.
title_full	Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.
title_fullStr	Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.
title_full_unstemmed	Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.
title_sort	exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in medicago sativa.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3142330450c4d85b05d0e3f44510d62
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Exogenous proanthocyanidins improve tolerance of Cu-toxicity by amelioration of oxidative damage and re-programming of gene expression in Medicago sativa.

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