Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort

Obese Asians are more susceptible to metabolic diseases than obese Caucasians of the same body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that the genetic variants associated with obesity risk interact with the lifestyles of middle-aged and elderly adults, possibly allowing the development of personalized in...

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Autores principales:	Sunmin Park, Hye Jeong Yang, Min Jung Kim, Haeng Jeon Hur, Soon-Hee Kim, Myung-Sunny Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nutrigenomics skeletal muscle index obesity menarche age plant-based diet fried foods Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f328ec64842a436c92f1327597fa30e3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f328ec64842a436c92f1327597fa30e32021-11-25T18:33:56ZInteractions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort10.3390/nu131137722072-6643https://doaj.org/article/f328ec64842a436c92f1327597fa30e32021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3772https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Obese Asians are more susceptible to metabolic diseases than obese Caucasians of the same body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that the genetic variants associated with obesity risk interact with the lifestyles of middle-aged and elderly adults, possibly allowing the development of personalized interventions based on genotype. We aimed to examine this hypothesis in a large city hospital-based cohort in Korea. The participants with cancers, thyroid diseases, chronic kidney disease, or brain-related diseases were excluded. The participants were divided into case and control according to their BMI: ≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (case; <i>n</i> = 17,545) and <25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (control; <i>n</i> = 36,283). The genetic variants that affected obesity risk were selected using a genome-wide association study, and the genetic variants that interacted with each other were identified by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis. The selected genetic variants were confirmed in the Ansan/Ansung cohort, and polygenetic risk scores (PRS)−nutrient interactions for obesity risk were determined. A high BMI was associated with a high-fat mass (odds ratio (OR) = 20.71) and a high skeletal muscle-mass index (OR = 3.38). A high BMI was positively related to metabolic syndrome and its components, including lipid profiles, whereas the initial menstruation age was inversely associated with a high BMI (OR = 0.78). The best model with 5-SNPs included <i>SEC16B</i>_rs543874, <i>DNAJC27</i>_rs713586, <i>BDNF</i>_rs6265, <i>MC4R</i>_rs6567160, and <i>GIPR</i>_rs1444988703. The high PRS with the 5-SNP model was positively associated with an obesity risk of 1.629 (1.475–1.798) after adjusting for the covariates. The 5-SNP model interacted with the initial menstruation age, fried foods, and plant-based diet for BMI risk. The participants with a high PRS also had a higher obesity risk when combined with early menarche, low plant-based diet, and a high fried-food intake than in participants with late menarche, high plant-based diet, and low fried-food intake. In conclusion, people with a high PRS and earlier menarche age are recommended to consume fewer fried foods and a more plant-based diet to decrease obesity risk. This result can be applied to personalized nutrition for preventing obesity.Sunmin ParkHye Jeong YangMin Jung KimHaeng Jeon HurSoon-Hee KimMyung-Sunny KimMDPI AGarticlenutrigenomicsskeletal muscle indexobesitymenarche ageplant-based dietfried foodsNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3772, p 3772 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nutrigenomics skeletal muscle index obesity menarche age plant-based diet fried foods Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	nutrigenomics skeletal muscle index obesity menarche age plant-based diet fried foods Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Sunmin Park Hye Jeong Yang Min Jung Kim Haeng Jeon Hur Soon-Hee Kim Myung-Sunny Kim Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort
description	Obese Asians are more susceptible to metabolic diseases than obese Caucasians of the same body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that the genetic variants associated with obesity risk interact with the lifestyles of middle-aged and elderly adults, possibly allowing the development of personalized interventions based on genotype. We aimed to examine this hypothesis in a large city hospital-based cohort in Korea. The participants with cancers, thyroid diseases, chronic kidney disease, or brain-related diseases were excluded. The participants were divided into case and control according to their BMI: ≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (case; <i>n</i> = 17,545) and <25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (control; <i>n</i> = 36,283). The genetic variants that affected obesity risk were selected using a genome-wide association study, and the genetic variants that interacted with each other were identified by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis. The selected genetic variants were confirmed in the Ansan/Ansung cohort, and polygenetic risk scores (PRS)−nutrient interactions for obesity risk were determined. A high BMI was associated with a high-fat mass (odds ratio (OR) = 20.71) and a high skeletal muscle-mass index (OR = 3.38). A high BMI was positively related to metabolic syndrome and its components, including lipid profiles, whereas the initial menstruation age was inversely associated with a high BMI (OR = 0.78). The best model with 5-SNPs included <i>SEC16B</i>_rs543874, <i>DNAJC27</i>_rs713586, <i>BDNF</i>_rs6265, <i>MC4R</i>_rs6567160, and <i>GIPR</i>_rs1444988703. The high PRS with the 5-SNP model was positively associated with an obesity risk of 1.629 (1.475–1.798) after adjusting for the covariates. The 5-SNP model interacted with the initial menstruation age, fried foods, and plant-based diet for BMI risk. The participants with a high PRS also had a higher obesity risk when combined with early menarche, low plant-based diet, and a high fried-food intake than in participants with late menarche, high plant-based diet, and low fried-food intake. In conclusion, people with a high PRS and earlier menarche age are recommended to consume fewer fried foods and a more plant-based diet to decrease obesity risk. This result can be applied to personalized nutrition for preventing obesity.
format	article
author	Sunmin Park Hye Jeong Yang Min Jung Kim Haeng Jeon Hur Soon-Hee Kim Myung-Sunny Kim
author_facet	Sunmin Park Hye Jeong Yang Min Jung Kim Haeng Jeon Hur Soon-Hee Kim Myung-Sunny Kim
author_sort	Sunmin Park
title	Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort
title_short	Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort
title_full	Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort
title_fullStr	Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort
title_full_unstemmed	Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort
title_sort	interactions between polygenic risk scores, dietary pattern, and menarche age with the obesity risk in a large hospital-based cohort
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f328ec64842a436c92f1327597fa30e3
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Interactions between Polygenic Risk Scores, Dietary Pattern, and Menarche Age with the Obesity Risk in a Large Hospital-Based Cohort

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