The Effect of Excessive Sulfate in the Li-Ion Battery Leachate on the Properties of Resynthesized Li[Ni<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>]O<sub>2</sub>

The Effect of Excessive Sulfate in the Li-Ion Battery Leachate on the Properties of Resynthesized Li[Ni<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>]O<sub>2</sub>

In order to examine the effect of excessive sulfate in the leachate of spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs), LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (pristine NCM) and sulfate-containing LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3&l...

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Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux: Jimin Lee, Sanghyuk Park, Mincheol Beak, Sang Ryul Park, Ah Reum Lee, Suk Hyun Byun, Junho Song, Jeong Soo Sohn, Kyungjung Kwon
Format: article
Langue:EN
Publié: MDPI AG 2021
Sujets:
Li-ion battery
cathode material
sulfate
impurity
leachate
Technology
T
Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering
TK1-9971
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
TA1-2040
Microscopy
QH201-278.5
Descriptive and experimental mechanics
QC120-168.85
Accès en ligne:https://doaj.org/article/f34d760dfd154e119b0e64c2dc06bc3e
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Résumé:In order to examine the effect of excessive sulfate in the leachate of spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs), LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (pristine NCM) and sulfate-containing LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCMS) are prepared by a co-precipitation method. The crystal structures, morphology, surface species, and electrochemical performances of both cathode active materials are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and charge-discharge tests. The XRD patterns and XPS results identify the presence of sulfate groups on the surface of NCMS. While pristine NCM exhibits a very dense surface in SEM images, NCMS has a relatively porous surface, which could be attributed to the sulfate impurities that hinder the growth of primary particles. The charge-discharge tests show that discharge capacities of NCMS at C-rates, which range from 0.1 to 5 C, are slightly decreased compared to pristine NCM. In dQ/dV plots, pristine NCM and NCMS have the same redox overvoltage regardless of discharge C-rates. The omnipresent sulfate due to the sulfuric acid leaching of spent LIBs has a minimal effect on resynthesized NCM cathode active materials as long as their precursors are adequately washed.

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