Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

Abstract The molluscan shell is a biomineral that comprises calcium carbonate and organic matrices controlling the crystal growth of calcium carbonate. The main components of organic matrices are insoluble chitin and proteins. Various kinds of proteins have been identified by solubilizing them with...

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Autores principales:	Hiroyuki Kintsu, Ryo Nishimura, Lumi Negishi, Isao Kuriyama, Yasushi Tsuchihashi, Lingxiao Zhu, Koji Nagata, Michio Suzuki
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f35d76d2d85e42e3900f239959425fcb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f35d76d2d85e42e3900f239959425fcb2021-12-02T15:10:06ZIdentification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata10.1038/s41598-020-75444-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f35d76d2d85e42e3900f239959425fcb2020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75444-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The molluscan shell is a biomineral that comprises calcium carbonate and organic matrices controlling the crystal growth of calcium carbonate. The main components of organic matrices are insoluble chitin and proteins. Various kinds of proteins have been identified by solubilizing them with reagents, such as acid or detergent. However, insoluble proteins remained due to the formation of a solid complex with chitin. Herein, we identified these proteins from the nacreous layer, prismatic layer, and hinge ligament of Pinctada fucata using mercaptoethanol and trypsin. Most identified proteins contained a methionine-rich region in common. We focused on one of these proteins, NU-5, to examine the function in shell formation. Gene expression analysis of NU-5 showed that NU-5 was highly expressed in the mantle, and a knockdown of NU-5 prevented the formation of aragonite tablets in the nacre, which suggested that NU-5 was required for nacre formation. Dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism revealed that recombinant NU-5 had aggregation activity and changed its secondary structure in the presence of calcium ions. These findings suggest that insoluble proteins containing methionine-rich regions may be important for scaffold formation, which is an initial stage of biomineral formation.Hiroyuki KintsuRyo NishimuraLumi NegishiIsao KuriyamaYasushi TsuchihashiLingxiao ZhuKoji NagataMichio SuzukiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hiroyuki Kintsu Ryo Nishimura Lumi Negishi Isao Kuriyama Yasushi Tsuchihashi Lingxiao Zhu Koji Nagata Michio Suzuki Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata
description	Abstract The molluscan shell is a biomineral that comprises calcium carbonate and organic matrices controlling the crystal growth of calcium carbonate. The main components of organic matrices are insoluble chitin and proteins. Various kinds of proteins have been identified by solubilizing them with reagents, such as acid or detergent. However, insoluble proteins remained due to the formation of a solid complex with chitin. Herein, we identified these proteins from the nacreous layer, prismatic layer, and hinge ligament of Pinctada fucata using mercaptoethanol and trypsin. Most identified proteins contained a methionine-rich region in common. We focused on one of these proteins, NU-5, to examine the function in shell formation. Gene expression analysis of NU-5 showed that NU-5 was highly expressed in the mantle, and a knockdown of NU-5 prevented the formation of aragonite tablets in the nacre, which suggested that NU-5 was required for nacre formation. Dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism revealed that recombinant NU-5 had aggregation activity and changed its secondary structure in the presence of calcium ions. These findings suggest that insoluble proteins containing methionine-rich regions may be important for scaffold formation, which is an initial stage of biomineral formation.
format	article
author	Hiroyuki Kintsu Ryo Nishimura Lumi Negishi Isao Kuriyama Yasushi Tsuchihashi Lingxiao Zhu Koji Nagata Michio Suzuki
author_facet	Hiroyuki Kintsu Ryo Nishimura Lumi Negishi Isao Kuriyama Yasushi Tsuchihashi Lingxiao Zhu Koji Nagata Michio Suzuki
author_sort	Hiroyuki Kintsu
title	Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata
title_short	Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata
title_full	Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata
title_fullStr	Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata
title_full_unstemmed	Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata
title_sort	identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, pinctada fucata
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/f35d76d2d85e42e3900f239959425fcb
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Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

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