Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an attractive technology to address problems associated with moisture-rich pulp and paper sludge generated at South African mills and wastewater treatment plants. In this study, sludge generated from the repulping process, recycling paper process, and primary clar...

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Autores principales:	Englatina I.N.C. Assis, Evans M.N. Chirwa, Shepherd M. Tichapondwa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	AIDIC Servizi S.r.l. 2021
Materias:	Chemical engineering TP155-156 Computer engineering. Computer hardware TK7885-7895
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3638581e52e4f9a9cc8b0021f5f6c92
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3638581e52e4f9a9cc8b0021f5f6c922021-11-15T21:49:12ZHydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams10.3303/CET21880072283-9216https://doaj.org/article/f3638581e52e4f9a9cc8b0021f5f6c922021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.cetjournal.it/index.php/cet/article/view/11800https://doaj.org/toc/2283-9216Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an attractive technology to address problems associated with moisture-rich pulp and paper sludge generated at South African mills and wastewater treatment plants. In this study, sludge generated from the repulping process, recycling paper process, and primary clarifier wastewater treatment were selected to investigate the potential of HTC to upgrade the feedstock into solid fuel. Experiments were performed in a batch reactor autoclave at different operating temperatures (200 °C, 220 °C and 240 °C), residence time of 3 h, and wet biomass to deionized water ratio of 1:9. Data on the physicochemical characteristics and calorific values of the solid yield, as well as carbon mass distribution, were reported. Results revealed that higher temperatures resulted in hydrochar with higher calorific values from 15.26 to 22.57 MJ/kg, 15.33 to 20.32 for repulping paper sludge and recycling paper sludge, respectively, but lower calorific values (from 9.79 MJ/kg to 7.02 MJ/kg) for sludge from primary clarifier process. The proportions of fixed carbon for hydrochars obtained at 245 °C were 5-7 times greater than the raw samples, but solid mass yield decreased with an increase in reaction temperatures for all feedstocks. Analysis of the carbon mass balance revealed that, for all HTC treatments, the majority of the carbon fraction was retained in the hydrochar. HTC was proven to be an efficient technology for upgrading sludge generated at pulp and paper mills in South Africa into hydrochar with enhanced properties with a variety of applications including solid fuel, energy storage, soil amendment, adsorbent and catalyst.Englatina I.N.C. AssisEvans M.N. ChirwaShepherd M. TichapondwaAIDIC Servizi S.r.l.articleChemical engineeringTP155-156Computer engineering. Computer hardwareTK7885-7895ENChemical Engineering Transactions, Vol 88 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Chemical engineering TP155-156 Computer engineering. Computer hardware TK7885-7895
spellingShingle	Chemical engineering TP155-156 Computer engineering. Computer hardware TK7885-7895 Englatina I.N.C. Assis Evans M.N. Chirwa Shepherd M. Tichapondwa Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams
description	Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an attractive technology to address problems associated with moisture-rich pulp and paper sludge generated at South African mills and wastewater treatment plants. In this study, sludge generated from the repulping process, recycling paper process, and primary clarifier wastewater treatment were selected to investigate the potential of HTC to upgrade the feedstock into solid fuel. Experiments were performed in a batch reactor autoclave at different operating temperatures (200 °C, 220 °C and 240 °C), residence time of 3 h, and wet biomass to deionized water ratio of 1:9. Data on the physicochemical characteristics and calorific values of the solid yield, as well as carbon mass distribution, were reported. Results revealed that higher temperatures resulted in hydrochar with higher calorific values from 15.26 to 22.57 MJ/kg, 15.33 to 20.32 for repulping paper sludge and recycling paper sludge, respectively, but lower calorific values (from 9.79 MJ/kg to 7.02 MJ/kg) for sludge from primary clarifier process. The proportions of fixed carbon for hydrochars obtained at 245 °C were 5-7 times greater than the raw samples, but solid mass yield decreased with an increase in reaction temperatures for all feedstocks. Analysis of the carbon mass balance revealed that, for all HTC treatments, the majority of the carbon fraction was retained in the hydrochar. HTC was proven to be an efficient technology for upgrading sludge generated at pulp and paper mills in South Africa into hydrochar with enhanced properties with a variety of applications including solid fuel, energy storage, soil amendment, adsorbent and catalyst.
format	article
author	Englatina I.N.C. Assis Evans M.N. Chirwa Shepherd M. Tichapondwa
author_facet	Englatina I.N.C. Assis Evans M.N. Chirwa Shepherd M. Tichapondwa
author_sort	Englatina I.N.C. Assis
title	Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams
title_short	Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams
title_full	Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams
title_fullStr	Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams
title_full_unstemmed	Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams
title_sort	hydrothermal carbonization of different recycling paper mill waste streams
publisher	AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3638581e52e4f9a9cc8b0021f5f6c92
work_keys_str_mv	AT englatinaincassis hydrothermalcarbonizationofdifferentrecyclingpapermillwastestreams AT evansmnchirwa hydrothermalcarbonizationofdifferentrecyclingpapermillwastestreams AT shepherdmtichapondwa hydrothermalcarbonizationofdifferentrecyclingpapermillwastestreams
_version_	1718426820621107200

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Different Recycling Paper Mill Waste Streams

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