Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing

In a volcanic area, the composition of air is influenced by the interaction between fluids generated from many different environments (magmatic, hydrothermal, meteoric, and marine). Any physical and chemical variation in one of these subsystems is able to modify the outgassing dynamic. The increase...

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Autores principales:	Iole Serena Diliberto, Marianna Cangemi, Antonina Lisa Gagliano, Salvatore Inguaggiato, Mariana Patricia Jacome Paz, Paolo Madonia, Agnes Mazot, Maria Pedone, Antonino Pisciotta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	gas hazard environmental pollution passive degassing carbon dioxide hydrogen sulfide thermal mapping Geology QE1-996.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f36f897559d44ce2bb45916fd8bfa516
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f36f897559d44ce2bb45916fd8bfa5162021-11-25T17:43:19ZVolcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing10.3390/geosciences111104782076-3263https://doaj.org/article/f36f897559d44ce2bb45916fd8bfa5162021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/11/11/478https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3263In a volcanic area, the composition of air is influenced by the interaction between fluids generated from many different environments (magmatic, hydrothermal, meteoric, and marine). Any physical and chemical variation in one of these subsystems is able to modify the outgassing dynamic. The increase of natural gas hazard, related to the presence of unhealthy components in air, may depend on temporary changes both in the pressure and chemical gradients that generate transient fluxes of gases and can have many different causes. Sometimes, the content of unhealthy gases approaches unexpected limits, without clear warning. In this case, an altered composition of the air can be only revealed after accurate sampling procedures and laboratory analysis. The investigations presented here are a starting point to response to the demand for a new monitoring program in the touristic area of Baia di Levante at Vulcano Island (Aeolian archipelago, Italy). Three multiparametric geochemical surveys were carried in the touristic area of Baia di Levante at Vulcano Island (Aeolian archipelago, Italy) in 2011, 2014, and 2015. Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) are the main undesired components, usually present at the local scale. Anomalous CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S outputs from soil and submarine bubbling vents were identified; the thermal anomaly of the ground was mapped; atmospheric concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S were measured in the air 30 cm above the ground surface. Atmospheric concentrations above the suggested limits for the wellbeing of human health were retrieved in open areas where tourists stay and where CO<sub>2</sub> can accumulate under absence of wind.Iole Serena DilibertoMarianna CangemiAntonina Lisa GaglianoSalvatore InguaggiatoMariana Patricia Jacome PazPaolo MadoniaAgnes MazotMaria PedoneAntonino PisciottaMDPI AGarticlegas hazardenvironmental pollutionpassive degassingcarbon dioxidehydrogen sulfidethermal mappingGeologyQE1-996.5ENGeosciences, Vol 11, Iss 478, p 478 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gas hazard environmental pollution passive degassing carbon dioxide hydrogen sulfide thermal mapping Geology QE1-996.5
spellingShingle	gas hazard environmental pollution passive degassing carbon dioxide hydrogen sulfide thermal mapping Geology QE1-996.5 Iole Serena Diliberto Marianna Cangemi Antonina Lisa Gagliano Salvatore Inguaggiato Mariana Patricia Jacome Paz Paolo Madonia Agnes Mazot Maria Pedone Antonino Pisciotta Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing
description	In a volcanic area, the composition of air is influenced by the interaction between fluids generated from many different environments (magmatic, hydrothermal, meteoric, and marine). Any physical and chemical variation in one of these subsystems is able to modify the outgassing dynamic. The increase of natural gas hazard, related to the presence of unhealthy components in air, may depend on temporary changes both in the pressure and chemical gradients that generate transient fluxes of gases and can have many different causes. Sometimes, the content of unhealthy gases approaches unexpected limits, without clear warning. In this case, an altered composition of the air can be only revealed after accurate sampling procedures and laboratory analysis. The investigations presented here are a starting point to response to the demand for a new monitoring program in the touristic area of Baia di Levante at Vulcano Island (Aeolian archipelago, Italy). Three multiparametric geochemical surveys were carried in the touristic area of Baia di Levante at Vulcano Island (Aeolian archipelago, Italy) in 2011, 2014, and 2015. Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) are the main undesired components, usually present at the local scale. Anomalous CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S outputs from soil and submarine bubbling vents were identified; the thermal anomaly of the ground was mapped; atmospheric concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S were measured in the air 30 cm above the ground surface. Atmospheric concentrations above the suggested limits for the wellbeing of human health were retrieved in open areas where tourists stay and where CO<sub>2</sub> can accumulate under absence of wind.
format	article
author	Iole Serena Diliberto Marianna Cangemi Antonina Lisa Gagliano Salvatore Inguaggiato Mariana Patricia Jacome Paz Paolo Madonia Agnes Mazot Maria Pedone Antonino Pisciotta
author_facet	Iole Serena Diliberto Marianna Cangemi Antonina Lisa Gagliano Salvatore Inguaggiato Mariana Patricia Jacome Paz Paolo Madonia Agnes Mazot Maria Pedone Antonino Pisciotta
author_sort	Iole Serena Diliberto
title	Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing
title_short	Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing
title_full	Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing
title_fullStr	Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing
title_full_unstemmed	Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing
title_sort	volcanic gas hazard assessment in the baia di levante area (vulcano island, italy) inferred by geochemical investigation of passive fluid degassing
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f36f897559d44ce2bb45916fd8bfa516
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Volcanic Gas Hazard Assessment in the Baia di Levante Area (Vulcano Island, Italy) Inferred by Geochemical Investigation of Passive Fluid Degassing

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