Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale

Along with a steady increasing use of artificial nitrogen fertilizer, concerns have been raised about the effects that high nitrogen loading may have on ecosystems. Due to the toxicity of unionized ammonia (NH3), tolerance criteria have been proposed for ambient water management in many countries; h...

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Autores principales:	Miao Liu, Hai-Jun Wang, Hong-Zhu Wang, Shuo-Nan Ma, Qing Yu, Kazi Belal Uddin, Yan Li, Johan Hollander, Erik Jeppesen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Ammonia Gastropods Scale-dependent toxicity Lab test Field test Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f37a303967d045849ed363585ceeb425
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f37a303967d045849ed363585ceeb4252021-11-06T04:18:19ZDecreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale0147-651310.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112933https://doaj.org/article/f37a303967d045849ed363585ceeb4252021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321010459https://doaj.org/toc/0147-6513Along with a steady increasing use of artificial nitrogen fertilizer, concerns have been raised about the effects that high nitrogen loading may have on ecosystems. Due to the toxicity of unionized ammonia (NH3), tolerance criteria have been proposed for ambient water management in many countries; however, these are mainly based on acute or chronic tests carried out under lab conditions run with purified water. Aiming at understanding the responses of organisms to natural exposure to high ammonia concentrations, a Viviparidae gastropod, Bellamya aeruginosa, was tested at three experimental scales: standard 96-h lab test, one-month cage test in 6 experimental ponds with continuous nitrogen inputs, and intensive investigation of the B. aeruginosa from these ponds in spring and winter. The results were: 1) 96-h LC50 in the standard lab test was 0.56 mg NH3-N/L and 343.3 mg TAN/L (total ammonia expressed as N, standardized at pH 7 and 20 ℃). 2) In the one-month cage test, the survival rate was 97% when NH3-N was 0.61 mg/L (i.e., a higher concentration than the lab 96-h LC50) and the body size of the gastropods actually increased with increasing NH3-N concentrations. 3) In the winter-spring investigation, little effect of ammonia on the standing crops of gastropods was found, and the body size of the gastropods tended to increase with increasing ammonia concentrations (NH3-N concentration range of 0.05 ~ 2.06 mg/L). Thus, B. aeruginosa showed higher tolerance to ammonia exposure (NH3-N concentration < 0.81 mg/L) in the field than under laboratory conditions. Our study points to the necessity of considering the relevant scale when determining criteria for ammonia toxicity in water management.Miao LiuHai-Jun WangHong-Zhu WangShuo-Nan MaQing YuKazi Belal UddinYan LiJohan HollanderErik JeppesenElsevierarticleAmmoniaGastropodsScale-dependent toxicityLab testField testEnvironmental pollutionTD172-193.5Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 227, Iss , Pp 112933- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ammonia Gastropods Scale-dependent toxicity Lab test Field test Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Ammonia Gastropods Scale-dependent toxicity Lab test Field test Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Miao Liu Hai-Jun Wang Hong-Zhu Wang Shuo-Nan Ma Qing Yu Kazi Belal Uddin Yan Li Johan Hollander Erik Jeppesen Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale
description	Along with a steady increasing use of artificial nitrogen fertilizer, concerns have been raised about the effects that high nitrogen loading may have on ecosystems. Due to the toxicity of unionized ammonia (NH3), tolerance criteria have been proposed for ambient water management in many countries; however, these are mainly based on acute or chronic tests carried out under lab conditions run with purified water. Aiming at understanding the responses of organisms to natural exposure to high ammonia concentrations, a Viviparidae gastropod, Bellamya aeruginosa, was tested at three experimental scales: standard 96-h lab test, one-month cage test in 6 experimental ponds with continuous nitrogen inputs, and intensive investigation of the B. aeruginosa from these ponds in spring and winter. The results were: 1) 96-h LC50 in the standard lab test was 0.56 mg NH3-N/L and 343.3 mg TAN/L (total ammonia expressed as N, standardized at pH 7 and 20 ℃). 2) In the one-month cage test, the survival rate was 97% when NH3-N was 0.61 mg/L (i.e., a higher concentration than the lab 96-h LC50) and the body size of the gastropods actually increased with increasing NH3-N concentrations. 3) In the winter-spring investigation, little effect of ammonia on the standing crops of gastropods was found, and the body size of the gastropods tended to increase with increasing ammonia concentrations (NH3-N concentration range of 0.05 ~ 2.06 mg/L). Thus, B. aeruginosa showed higher tolerance to ammonia exposure (NH3-N concentration < 0.81 mg/L) in the field than under laboratory conditions. Our study points to the necessity of considering the relevant scale when determining criteria for ammonia toxicity in water management.
format	article
author	Miao Liu Hai-Jun Wang Hong-Zhu Wang Shuo-Nan Ma Qing Yu Kazi Belal Uddin Yan Li Johan Hollander Erik Jeppesen
author_facet	Miao Liu Hai-Jun Wang Hong-Zhu Wang Shuo-Nan Ma Qing Yu Kazi Belal Uddin Yan Li Johan Hollander Erik Jeppesen
author_sort	Miao Liu
title	Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale
title_short	Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale
title_full	Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale
title_fullStr	Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale
title_full_unstemmed	Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale
title_sort	decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f37a303967d045849ed363585ceeb425
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Decreasing toxicity of un-ionized ammonia on the gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa when moving from laboratory to field scale

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