Research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM

Shuang Jiang,1 Xiaobo Wang,1 Ronggang Xi,1 Yingge Zhang2 1210th Hospital of People Liberation Army, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Atomic fo...

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Autores principales: Jiang S, Wang XB, Xi RG, Zhang YG
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Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2013
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:f3b7bac891fc40c8b77a53ea00edc1a42021-12-02T01:09:01ZResearch on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/f3b7bac891fc40c8b77a53ea00edc1a42013-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/research-on-the-regulation-of-the-spatial-structure-of-acetylcholinest-a12463https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Shuang Jiang,1 Xiaobo Wang,1 Ronggang Xi,1 Yingge Zhang2 1210th Hospital of People Liberation Army, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied for obtaining structural information about acetylcholinesterase (AChE) tetramer (AChE G4) before and after reaction with S-acetylcholine iodide (S-ACh), in the presence or absence of propidium iodide (PI), an inhibitor for peripheral anionic sites (PAS). An iced-bath ultrasound was used to prepare the phospholipid membrane. Ves-fusion technique was applied for incorporating AChE G4 in a lipid layer on mica. Before reaction with substrates, the single AChE G4 particle was ellipsoid in shape with a clear border. It had a smooth surface with a central projection. The four subunits of a single enzyme particle were arranged tightly (no separated subunits being found, with an average size of 89 ± 7 nm in length, 68 ± 9 nm in width, and 6 ± 3 nm in height). After reaction with S-ACh in the absence of PI, the loose arrangement of subunits of AChE G4 was seen, with an average size of 104 ± 7 nm in length, 91 ± 5 nm in width, and 8 ± 2 nm in height. Also there was free-flowing space amongst the four subunits of the AChE G4. This was consistent with the results of the X-ray diffraction crystallography and molecular dynamics studies. The apparent free space was the central path of AChE G4, changing from small to big, to small, to lateral door appearance, with an average size of 60 ± 5 nm in length and 51 ± 9 nm in width. The size of lateral door was 52 ± 5 nm in width and 32 ± 3 nm in depth on average. In the presence of PI, S-ACh could not cause topological structure changes of AChE G4. AFM verified that the central path might govern the turnover of the enzyme morphologically, and the interactions between PI and S-ACh might gate the creation of a central path and the opening of ACG in monomer; and the combination of S-ACh with peripheral anionic sites is conducive to the opening of ACG while PI can inhibit this action. Resolution at the inframolecular level is favorable in providing substantial information on how the spatial structure is adapted to the high efficiency of AChE molecules. Keywords: AChE, AFM, ACG, Ves-fusion, phospholipid membraneJiang SWang XBXi RGZhang YGDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 1095-1102 (2013)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine (General)
R5-920
spellingShingle Medicine (General)
R5-920
Jiang S
Wang XB
Xi RG
Zhang YG
Research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM
description Shuang Jiang,1 Xiaobo Wang,1 Ronggang Xi,1 Yingge Zhang2 1210th Hospital of People Liberation Army, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied for obtaining structural information about acetylcholinesterase (AChE) tetramer (AChE G4) before and after reaction with S-acetylcholine iodide (S-ACh), in the presence or absence of propidium iodide (PI), an inhibitor for peripheral anionic sites (PAS). An iced-bath ultrasound was used to prepare the phospholipid membrane. Ves-fusion technique was applied for incorporating AChE G4 in a lipid layer on mica. Before reaction with substrates, the single AChE G4 particle was ellipsoid in shape with a clear border. It had a smooth surface with a central projection. The four subunits of a single enzyme particle were arranged tightly (no separated subunits being found, with an average size of 89 ± 7 nm in length, 68 ± 9 nm in width, and 6 ± 3 nm in height). After reaction with S-ACh in the absence of PI, the loose arrangement of subunits of AChE G4 was seen, with an average size of 104 ± 7 nm in length, 91 ± 5 nm in width, and 8 ± 2 nm in height. Also there was free-flowing space amongst the four subunits of the AChE G4. This was consistent with the results of the X-ray diffraction crystallography and molecular dynamics studies. The apparent free space was the central path of AChE G4, changing from small to big, to small, to lateral door appearance, with an average size of 60 ± 5 nm in length and 51 ± 9 nm in width. The size of lateral door was 52 ± 5 nm in width and 32 ± 3 nm in depth on average. In the presence of PI, S-ACh could not cause topological structure changes of AChE G4. AFM verified that the central path might govern the turnover of the enzyme morphologically, and the interactions between PI and S-ACh might gate the creation of a central path and the opening of ACG in monomer; and the combination of S-ACh with peripheral anionic sites is conducive to the opening of ACG while PI can inhibit this action. Resolution at the inframolecular level is favorable in providing substantial information on how the spatial structure is adapted to the high efficiency of AChE molecules. Keywords: AChE, AFM, ACG, Ves-fusion, phospholipid membrane
format article
author Jiang S
Wang XB
Xi RG
Zhang YG
author_facet Jiang S
Wang XB
Xi RG
Zhang YG
author_sort Jiang S
title Research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM
title_short Research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM
title_full Research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM
title_fullStr Research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM
title_full_unstemmed Research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by AFM
title_sort research on the regulation of the spatial structure of acetylcholinesterase tetramer with high efficiency by afm
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2013
url https://doaj.org/article/f3b7bac891fc40c8b77a53ea00edc1a4
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