Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane

Abstract Separation of two ionic solutions with a permselective membrane that is impermeable to some of the ions leads to an uneven distribution of permeating ions on the two sides of the membrane described by the Gibbs–Donnan (G–D) equilibrium with the G–D factors relating ion concentrations in the...

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Autores principales:	Jacek Waniewski, Mauro Pietribiasi, Leszek Pstras
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3bf827ed6484d0e87cea5a07802ca5f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3bf827ed6484d0e87cea5a07802ca5f2021-11-14T12:20:22ZCalculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane10.1038/s41598-021-00899-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f3bf827ed6484d0e87cea5a07802ca5f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00899-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Separation of two ionic solutions with a permselective membrane that is impermeable to some of the ions leads to an uneven distribution of permeating ions on the two sides of the membrane described by the Gibbs–Donnan (G–D) equilibrium with the G–D factors relating ion concentrations in the two solutions. Here, we present a method of calculating the G–D factors for ideal electroneutral multi-ion solutions with different total charge of non-permeating species on each side of a permselective membrane separating two compartments. We discuss some special cases of G–D equilibrium for which an analytical solution may be found, and we prove the transitivity of G–D factors for multi-ion solutions in several compartments interconnected by permselective membranes. We show a few examples of calculation of the G–D factors for both simple and complex solutions, including the case of human blood plasma and interstitial fluid separated by capillary walls. The article is accompanied by an online tool that enables the calculation of the G–D factors and the equilibrium concentrations for multi-ion solutions with various composition in terms of permeating ions and non-permeating charge, according to the presented method.Jacek WaniewskiMauro PietribiasiLeszek PstrasNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jacek Waniewski Mauro Pietribiasi Leszek Pstras Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane
description	Abstract Separation of two ionic solutions with a permselective membrane that is impermeable to some of the ions leads to an uneven distribution of permeating ions on the two sides of the membrane described by the Gibbs–Donnan (G–D) equilibrium with the G–D factors relating ion concentrations in the two solutions. Here, we present a method of calculating the G–D factors for ideal electroneutral multi-ion solutions with different total charge of non-permeating species on each side of a permselective membrane separating two compartments. We discuss some special cases of G–D equilibrium for which an analytical solution may be found, and we prove the transitivity of G–D factors for multi-ion solutions in several compartments interconnected by permselective membranes. We show a few examples of calculation of the G–D factors for both simple and complex solutions, including the case of human blood plasma and interstitial fluid separated by capillary walls. The article is accompanied by an online tool that enables the calculation of the G–D factors and the equilibrium concentrations for multi-ion solutions with various composition in terms of permeating ions and non-permeating charge, according to the presented method.
format	article
author	Jacek Waniewski Mauro Pietribiasi Leszek Pstras
author_facet	Jacek Waniewski Mauro Pietribiasi Leszek Pstras
author_sort	Jacek Waniewski
title	Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane
title_short	Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane
title_full	Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane
title_fullStr	Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane
title_full_unstemmed	Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane
title_sort	calculation of the gibbs–donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3bf827ed6484d0e87cea5a07802ca5f
work_keys_str_mv	AT jacekwaniewski calculationofthegibbsdonnanfactorsformultiionsolutionswithnonpermeatingchargeonbothsidesofapermselectivemembrane AT mauropietribiasi calculationofthegibbsdonnanfactorsformultiionsolutionswithnonpermeatingchargeonbothsidesofapermselectivemembrane AT leszekpstras calculationofthegibbsdonnanfactorsformultiionsolutionswithnonpermeatingchargeonbothsidesofapermselectivemembrane
_version_	1718429324539854848

Calculation of the Gibbs–Donnan factors for multi-ion solutions with non-permeating charge on both sides of a permselective membrane

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