Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.

<h4>Background</h4>Environmental challenges may affect both the exposed individuals and their offspring. We investigated possible adaptive aspects of such cross-generation transmissions, and hypothesized that chronic unpredictable food access would cause chickens to show a more conservat...

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Autores principales:	Daniel Nätt, Niclas Lindqvist, Henrik Stranneheim, Joakim Lundeberg, Peter A Torjesen, Per Jensen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3d1df02c2e649378bf101f54022cdda
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3d1df02c2e649378bf101f54022cdda2021-11-25T06:21:24ZInheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0006405https://doaj.org/article/f3d1df02c2e649378bf101f54022cdda2009-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19636381/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Environmental challenges may affect both the exposed individuals and their offspring. We investigated possible adaptive aspects of such cross-generation transmissions, and hypothesized that chronic unpredictable food access would cause chickens to show a more conservative feeding strategy and to be more dominant, and that these adaptations would be transmitted to the offspring.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Parents were raised in an unpredictable (UL) or in predictable diurnal light rhythm (PL, 12:12 h light:dark). In a foraging test, UL birds pecked more at freely available, rather than at hidden and more attractive food, compared to birds from the PL group. Female offspring of UL birds, raised in predictable light conditions without parental contact, showed a similar foraging behavior, differing from offspring of PL birds. Furthermore, adult offspring of UL birds performed more food pecks in a dominance test, showed a higher preference for high energy food, survived better, and were heavier than offspring of PL parents. Using cDNA microarrays, we found that the differential brain gene expression caused by the challenge was mirrored in the offspring. In particular, several immunoglobulin genes seemed to be affected similarly in both UL parents and their offspring. Estradiol levels were significantly higher in egg yolk from UL birds, suggesting one possible mechanism for these effects.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Our findings suggest that unpredictable food access caused seemingly adaptive responses in feeding behavior, which may have been transmitted to the offspring by means of epigenetic mechanisms, including regulation of immune genes. This may have prepared the offspring for coping with an unpredictable environment.Daniel NättDaniel NättNiclas LindqvistHenrik StranneheimJoakim LundebergPeter A TorjesenPer JensenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 7, p e6405 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Daniel Nätt Daniel Nätt Niclas Lindqvist Henrik Stranneheim Joakim Lundeberg Peter A Torjesen Per Jensen Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Environmental challenges may affect both the exposed individuals and their offspring. We investigated possible adaptive aspects of such cross-generation transmissions, and hypothesized that chronic unpredictable food access would cause chickens to show a more conservative feeding strategy and to be more dominant, and that these adaptations would be transmitted to the offspring.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Parents were raised in an unpredictable (UL) or in predictable diurnal light rhythm (PL, 12:12 h light:dark). In a foraging test, UL birds pecked more at freely available, rather than at hidden and more attractive food, compared to birds from the PL group. Female offspring of UL birds, raised in predictable light conditions without parental contact, showed a similar foraging behavior, differing from offspring of PL birds. Furthermore, adult offspring of UL birds performed more food pecks in a dominance test, showed a higher preference for high energy food, survived better, and were heavier than offspring of PL parents. Using cDNA microarrays, we found that the differential brain gene expression caused by the challenge was mirrored in the offspring. In particular, several immunoglobulin genes seemed to be affected similarly in both UL parents and their offspring. Estradiol levels were significantly higher in egg yolk from UL birds, suggesting one possible mechanism for these effects.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Our findings suggest that unpredictable food access caused seemingly adaptive responses in feeding behavior, which may have been transmitted to the offspring by means of epigenetic mechanisms, including regulation of immune genes. This may have prepared the offspring for coping with an unpredictable environment.
format	article
author	Daniel Nätt Daniel Nätt Niclas Lindqvist Henrik Stranneheim Joakim Lundeberg Peter A Torjesen Per Jensen
author_facet	Daniel Nätt Daniel Nätt Niclas Lindqvist Henrik Stranneheim Joakim Lundeberg Peter A Torjesen Per Jensen
author_sort	Daniel Nätt
title	Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.
title_short	Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.
title_full	Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.
title_fullStr	Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.
title_full_unstemmed	Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.
title_sort	inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3d1df02c2e649378bf101f54022cdda
work_keys_str_mv	AT danielnatt inheritanceofacquiredbehaviouradaptationsandbraingeneexpressioninchickens AT danielnatt inheritanceofacquiredbehaviouradaptationsandbraingeneexpressioninchickens AT niclaslindqvist inheritanceofacquiredbehaviouradaptationsandbraingeneexpressioninchickens AT henrikstranneheim inheritanceofacquiredbehaviouradaptationsandbraingeneexpressioninchickens AT joakimlundeberg inheritanceofacquiredbehaviouradaptationsandbraingeneexpressioninchickens AT peteratorjesen inheritanceofacquiredbehaviouradaptationsandbraingeneexpressioninchickens AT perjensen inheritanceofacquiredbehaviouradaptationsandbraingeneexpressioninchickens
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Inheritance of acquired behaviour adaptations and brain gene expression in chickens.

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