Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders

Angela C Estampador,1,2 Paul W Franks1,3,4 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden; 2Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen...

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Autores principales:	Estampador AC, Franks PW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3d762aba81c47a189e93773ab2dba81
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3d762aba81c47a189e93773ab2dba812021-12-02T02:12:17ZGenetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/f3d762aba81c47a189e93773ab2dba812014-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/genetic-and-epigenetic-catalysts-in-early-life-programming-of-adult-ca-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007 Angela C Estampador,1,2 Paul W Franks1,3,4 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden; 2Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; 3Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 4Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: Evidence has emerged across the past few decades that the lifetime risk of developing morbidities like type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease may be influenced by exposures that occur in utero and in childhood. Developmental abnormalities are known to occur at various stages in fetal growth. Epidemiological and mechanistic studies have sought to delineate developmental processes and plausible risk factors influencing pregnancy outcomes and later health. Whether these observations reflect causal processes or are confounded by genetic and social factors remains unclear, although animal (and some human) studies suggest that epigenetic programming events may be involved. Regardless of the causal basis to observations of early-life risk factors and later disease risk, the fact that such associations exist and that they are of a fairly large magnitude justifies further research around this topic. Furthermore, additional information is needed to substantiate public health guidelines on lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy to improve infant health outcomes. Indeed, lifestyle intervention clinical trials in pregnancy are now coming online, where materials and data are being collected that should facilitate understanding of the causal nature of intrauterine exposures related with gestational weight gain, such as elevated maternal blood glucose concentrations. In this review, we provide an overview of these concepts. Keywords: early-life, epigenetic, programming, pregnancy, cardiometabolic, obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetesEstampador ACFranks PWDove Medical PressarticleSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol 2014, Iss default, Pp 575-586 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Estampador AC Franks PW Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders
description	Angela C Estampador,1,2 Paul W Franks1,3,4 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden; 2Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; 3Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 4Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: Evidence has emerged across the past few decades that the lifetime risk of developing morbidities like type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease may be influenced by exposures that occur in utero and in childhood. Developmental abnormalities are known to occur at various stages in fetal growth. Epidemiological and mechanistic studies have sought to delineate developmental processes and plausible risk factors influencing pregnancy outcomes and later health. Whether these observations reflect causal processes or are confounded by genetic and social factors remains unclear, although animal (and some human) studies suggest that epigenetic programming events may be involved. Regardless of the causal basis to observations of early-life risk factors and later disease risk, the fact that such associations exist and that they are of a fairly large magnitude justifies further research around this topic. Furthermore, additional information is needed to substantiate public health guidelines on lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy to improve infant health outcomes. Indeed, lifestyle intervention clinical trials in pregnancy are now coming online, where materials and data are being collected that should facilitate understanding of the causal nature of intrauterine exposures related with gestational weight gain, such as elevated maternal blood glucose concentrations. In this review, we provide an overview of these concepts. Keywords: early-life, epigenetic, programming, pregnancy, cardiometabolic, obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes
format	article
author	Estampador AC Franks PW
author_facet	Estampador AC Franks PW
author_sort	Estampador AC
title	Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders
title_short	Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders
title_full	Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders
title_fullStr	Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders
title_sort	genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3d762aba81c47a189e93773ab2dba81
work_keys_str_mv	AT estampadorac geneticandepigeneticcatalystsinearlylifeprogrammingofadultcardiometabolicdisorders AT frankspw geneticandepigeneticcatalystsinearlylifeprogrammingofadultcardiometabolicdisorders
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Genetic and epigenetic catalysts in early-life programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders

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