Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy

Abstract Introduction Alpha oscillations are unique in their capacity to relay neuronal information through a dual‐process named “gating by inhibition”: rhythmic enhancement inhibits task‐irrelevant regions while rhythmic suppression engages task‐relevant regions in the brain. A social‐cognitive pro...

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Autores principales:	Niloufar Zebarjadi, Jonathan Levy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	Alpha rhythm development fMRI MEG Pain empathy Social neuroscience Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3e0671d7c1d4c2285f77eb29f46bfca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3e0671d7c1d4c2285f77eb29f46bfca2021-11-25T06:06:36ZNeural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy2162-327910.1002/brb3.2355https://doaj.org/article/f3e0671d7c1d4c2285f77eb29f46bfca2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2355https://doaj.org/toc/2162-3279Abstract Introduction Alpha oscillations are unique in their capacity to relay neuronal information through a dual‐process named “gating by inhibition”: rhythmic enhancement inhibits task‐irrelevant regions while rhythmic suppression engages task‐relevant regions in the brain. A social‐cognitive process that operates by relying on the suppression of the alpha rhythm in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is the ability to generate empathy. This phenomenon has been evidenced in dozens of electrophysiological studies targeting adult human subjects. Yet, recent studies on the neurodevelopment of empathy indicate that in younger age, empathy does not involve alpha suppression in S1 but only enhancement. More interestingly, right before adulthood, this rhythm is still enhanced, but in a remarkable shift, a pattern of suppression emerges. In this registered magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we will capture frequency‐decomposed neural activity particularly at the alpha range and its corresponding hemodynamic response and target subjects at around 20 years old as a unique time‐window in development that allows investigating in parallel both low‐alpha suppression and high‐alpha enhancement. We aim to address two questions: (a) Does alpha power suppression in the S1 region during empathy correspond to BOLD increase in this region? (b) What is the functional role of alpha power enhancement during empathy development (BOLD signal increase or decrease)? Addressing these questions will particularly advance knowledge on the process of empathy in the brain, and the way in which it is underpinned by alpha oscillations. Moreover, examining these experimental outcomes can potentially lay the ground for future studies that would further examine the role of alpha oscillations in empathy during the course of development. Methods Brain data of forty healthy individuals close to 20 years old will be recorded in two consecutive MEG and fMRI sessions while subjects observing physical pain versus neutral stimuli. Besides, each participant's subjective experiences wll be measred by questionnaires, interviews and rating of the stimuli.Niloufar ZebarjadiJonathan LevyWileyarticleAlpha rhythmdevelopmentfMRIMEGPain empathySocial neuroscienceNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENBrain and Behavior, Vol 11, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Alpha rhythm development fMRI MEG Pain empathy Social neuroscience Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Alpha rhythm development fMRI MEG Pain empathy Social neuroscience Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Niloufar Zebarjadi Jonathan Levy Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy
description	Abstract Introduction Alpha oscillations are unique in their capacity to relay neuronal information through a dual‐process named “gating by inhibition”: rhythmic enhancement inhibits task‐irrelevant regions while rhythmic suppression engages task‐relevant regions in the brain. A social‐cognitive process that operates by relying on the suppression of the alpha rhythm in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is the ability to generate empathy. This phenomenon has been evidenced in dozens of electrophysiological studies targeting adult human subjects. Yet, recent studies on the neurodevelopment of empathy indicate that in younger age, empathy does not involve alpha suppression in S1 but only enhancement. More interestingly, right before adulthood, this rhythm is still enhanced, but in a remarkable shift, a pattern of suppression emerges. In this registered magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we will capture frequency‐decomposed neural activity particularly at the alpha range and its corresponding hemodynamic response and target subjects at around 20 years old as a unique time‐window in development that allows investigating in parallel both low‐alpha suppression and high‐alpha enhancement. We aim to address two questions: (a) Does alpha power suppression in the S1 region during empathy correspond to BOLD increase in this region? (b) What is the functional role of alpha power enhancement during empathy development (BOLD signal increase or decrease)? Addressing these questions will particularly advance knowledge on the process of empathy in the brain, and the way in which it is underpinned by alpha oscillations. Moreover, examining these experimental outcomes can potentially lay the ground for future studies that would further examine the role of alpha oscillations in empathy during the course of development. Methods Brain data of forty healthy individuals close to 20 years old will be recorded in two consecutive MEG and fMRI sessions while subjects observing physical pain versus neutral stimuli. Besides, each participant's subjective experiences wll be measred by questionnaires, interviews and rating of the stimuli.
format	article
author	Niloufar Zebarjadi Jonathan Levy
author_facet	Niloufar Zebarjadi Jonathan Levy
author_sort	Niloufar Zebarjadi
title	Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy
title_short	Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy
title_full	Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy
title_fullStr	Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy
title_full_unstemmed	Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy
title_sort	neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3e0671d7c1d4c2285f77eb29f46bfca
work_keys_str_mv	AT niloufarzebarjadi neuralshiftsinalpharhythmsdualfunctioningduringempathy AT jonathanlevy neuralshiftsinalpharhythmsdualfunctioningduringempathy
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Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy

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