Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants

Abstract The relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the possible influence of genetic variants, is poorly understood and investigated. We aimed to investigate this relationship, with a hypothesis that it would be positive, and to explore whether gen...

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Autores principales:	Federica Laguzzi, Buamina Maitusong, Rona J. Strawbridge, Damiano Baldassarre, Fabrizio Veglia, Steve E. Humphries, Rainer Rauramaa, Sudhir Kurl, Andries J. Smit, Philippe Giral, Angela Silveira, Elena Tremoli, Anders Hamsten, Ulf de Faire, Bruna Gigante, Karin Leander, IMPROVE Study group
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3f5dc8b400f4744baf4228a463909da
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3f5dc8b400f4744baf4228a463909da2021-12-02T14:30:52ZIntake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants10.1038/s41598-021-86324-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f3f5dc8b400f4744baf4228a463909da2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86324-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the possible influence of genetic variants, is poorly understood and investigated. We aimed to investigate this relationship, with a hypothesis that it would be positive, and to explore whether genetics may modulate it, using data from a European cohort including 3,407 participants aged 54–79 at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), measured at baseline and after 30 months. Logistic regression (OR; 95% CI) was employed to assess the association between high intake of food rich in saturated fat (vs. low) and: (1) the mean and the maximum values of C-IMT in the whole carotid artery (C-IMTmean, C-IMTmax), in the bifurcation (Bif-), the common (CC-) and internal (ICA-) carotid arteries at baseline (binary, cut-point ≥ 75th), and (2) C-IMT progression (binary, cut-point > zero). For the genetic-diet interaction analyses, we considered 100,350 genetic variants. We defined interaction as departure from additivity of effects. After age- and sex-adjustment, high intake of saturated fat was associated with increased C-IMTmean (OR:1.27;1.06–1.47), CC-IMTmean (OR:1.22;1.04–1.44) and ICA-IMTmean (OR:1.26;1.07–1.48). However, in multivariate analysis results were no longer significant. No clear associations were observed between high intake of saturated fat and risk of atherosclerotic progression. There was no evidence of interactions between high intake of saturated fat and any of the genetic variants considered, after multiple testing corrections. High intake of saturated fats was not independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Moreover, we did not identify any significant genetic-dietary fat interactions in relation to risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.Federica LaguzziBuamina MaitusongRona J. StrawbridgeDamiano BaldassarreFabrizio VegliaSteve E. HumphriesRainer RauramaaSudhir KurlAndries J. SmitPhilippe GiralAngela SilveiraElena TremoliAnders HamstenUlf de FaireBruna GiganteKarin LeanderIMPROVE Study groupNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Federica Laguzzi Buamina Maitusong Rona J. Strawbridge Damiano Baldassarre Fabrizio Veglia Steve E. Humphries Rainer Rauramaa Sudhir Kurl Andries J. Smit Philippe Giral Angela Silveira Elena Tremoli Anders Hamsten Ulf de Faire Bruna Gigante Karin Leander IMPROVE Study group Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
description	Abstract The relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the possible influence of genetic variants, is poorly understood and investigated. We aimed to investigate this relationship, with a hypothesis that it would be positive, and to explore whether genetics may modulate it, using data from a European cohort including 3,407 participants aged 54–79 at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), measured at baseline and after 30 months. Logistic regression (OR; 95% CI) was employed to assess the association between high intake of food rich in saturated fat (vs. low) and: (1) the mean and the maximum values of C-IMT in the whole carotid artery (C-IMTmean, C-IMTmax), in the bifurcation (Bif-), the common (CC-) and internal (ICA-) carotid arteries at baseline (binary, cut-point ≥ 75th), and (2) C-IMT progression (binary, cut-point > zero). For the genetic-diet interaction analyses, we considered 100,350 genetic variants. We defined interaction as departure from additivity of effects. After age- and sex-adjustment, high intake of saturated fat was associated with increased C-IMTmean (OR:1.27;1.06–1.47), CC-IMTmean (OR:1.22;1.04–1.44) and ICA-IMTmean (OR:1.26;1.07–1.48). However, in multivariate analysis results were no longer significant. No clear associations were observed between high intake of saturated fat and risk of atherosclerotic progression. There was no evidence of interactions between high intake of saturated fat and any of the genetic variants considered, after multiple testing corrections. High intake of saturated fats was not independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Moreover, we did not identify any significant genetic-dietary fat interactions in relation to risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.
format	article
author	Federica Laguzzi Buamina Maitusong Rona J. Strawbridge Damiano Baldassarre Fabrizio Veglia Steve E. Humphries Rainer Rauramaa Sudhir Kurl Andries J. Smit Philippe Giral Angela Silveira Elena Tremoli Anders Hamsten Ulf de Faire Bruna Gigante Karin Leander IMPROVE Study group
author_facet	Federica Laguzzi Buamina Maitusong Rona J. Strawbridge Damiano Baldassarre Fabrizio Veglia Steve E. Humphries Rainer Rauramaa Sudhir Kurl Andries J. Smit Philippe Giral Angela Silveira Elena Tremoli Anders Hamsten Ulf de Faire Bruna Gigante Karin Leander IMPROVE Study group
author_sort	Federica Laguzzi
title	Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
title_short	Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
title_full	Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
title_fullStr	Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
title_full_unstemmed	Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
title_sort	intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3f5dc8b400f4744baf4228a463909da
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Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants

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