The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.

<h4>Background</h4>Although it is well established that sex is a risk factor in acquiring a traumatic brain injury (TBI) among adolescents, it has not been established whether it also moderates the influence of other TBI psychological health correlates.<h4>Methods and findings</...

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Autores principales:	Gabriela Ilie, Edward M Adlaf, Robert E Mann, Angela Boak, Hayley Hamilton, Mark Asbridge, Angela Colantonio, Nigel E Turner, Jürgen Rehm, Michael D Cusimano
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f3fe33f89bff49a2ad1f2c8fadbad239
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f3fe33f89bff49a2ad1f2c8fadbad2392021-11-25T05:58:45ZThe moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0108167https://doaj.org/article/f3fe33f89bff49a2ad1f2c8fadbad2392014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108167https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Although it is well established that sex is a risk factor in acquiring a traumatic brain injury (TBI) among adolescents, it has not been established whether it also moderates the influence of other TBI psychological health correlates.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Data were derived from a 2011 population-based cross-sectional school survey, which included 9,288 Ontario 7th-12th graders who completed anonymous self-administered questionnaires in classrooms. Response rate was 62%. Preliminary analyses found no evidence of nonresponse bias in the reporting of TBI. TBI was defined as a hit or blow to the head that resulted in a 5 minutes loss of consciousness or at least one overnight hospitalization due to symptoms associated with it. Reports of lifetime TBI were more common among males than females (23.1%, 95% CI: 20.5, 25.8 vs. 17.1%, 95% CI: 14.7, 19.8). Thirteen correlates were examined and included cigarette smoking, elevated psychological distress, suicide ideation, bully victimization (at school, as well as cyber bullying), bullying others, cannabis use, cannabis dependence and drug use problems, physical injuries, daily smoking, drinking alcohol, binge drinking, use of cannabis, and poor academic performance. Among the outcomes examined, sex moderated the relationship between lifetime TBI and cigarette smoking. In addition, sex and age jointly moderated the relationship between lifetime TBI and daily smoking, alcohol use and physical injuries. Late adolescent males who reported lifetime TBI, relative to females, displayed elevated daily smoking and injuries, whereas their females counterparts displayed elevated past year drinking. Possible bias related to self-report procedures and the preclusion of causal inferences due to the cross-sectional nature of the data are limitations of this study.<h4>Conclusions</h4>TBI differences in outcomes need to be assessed for potential moderating effects of sex and age. Results have important implications for more tailored injury prevention efforts.Gabriela IlieEdward M AdlafRobert E MannAngela BoakHayley HamiltonMark AsbridgeAngela ColantonioNigel E TurnerJürgen RehmMichael D CusimanoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 9, p e108167 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gabriela Ilie Edward M Adlaf Robert E Mann Angela Boak Hayley Hamilton Mark Asbridge Angela Colantonio Nigel E Turner Jürgen Rehm Michael D Cusimano The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Although it is well established that sex is a risk factor in acquiring a traumatic brain injury (TBI) among adolescents, it has not been established whether it also moderates the influence of other TBI psychological health correlates.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Data were derived from a 2011 population-based cross-sectional school survey, which included 9,288 Ontario 7th-12th graders who completed anonymous self-administered questionnaires in classrooms. Response rate was 62%. Preliminary analyses found no evidence of nonresponse bias in the reporting of TBI. TBI was defined as a hit or blow to the head that resulted in a 5 minutes loss of consciousness or at least one overnight hospitalization due to symptoms associated with it. Reports of lifetime TBI were more common among males than females (23.1%, 95% CI: 20.5, 25.8 vs. 17.1%, 95% CI: 14.7, 19.8). Thirteen correlates were examined and included cigarette smoking, elevated psychological distress, suicide ideation, bully victimization (at school, as well as cyber bullying), bullying others, cannabis use, cannabis dependence and drug use problems, physical injuries, daily smoking, drinking alcohol, binge drinking, use of cannabis, and poor academic performance. Among the outcomes examined, sex moderated the relationship between lifetime TBI and cigarette smoking. In addition, sex and age jointly moderated the relationship between lifetime TBI and daily smoking, alcohol use and physical injuries. Late adolescent males who reported lifetime TBI, relative to females, displayed elevated daily smoking and injuries, whereas their females counterparts displayed elevated past year drinking. Possible bias related to self-report procedures and the preclusion of causal inferences due to the cross-sectional nature of the data are limitations of this study.<h4>Conclusions</h4>TBI differences in outcomes need to be assessed for potential moderating effects of sex and age. Results have important implications for more tailored injury prevention efforts.
format	article
author	Gabriela Ilie Edward M Adlaf Robert E Mann Angela Boak Hayley Hamilton Mark Asbridge Angela Colantonio Nigel E Turner Jürgen Rehm Michael D Cusimano
author_facet	Gabriela Ilie Edward M Adlaf Robert E Mann Angela Boak Hayley Hamilton Mark Asbridge Angela Colantonio Nigel E Turner Jürgen Rehm Michael D Cusimano
author_sort	Gabriela Ilie
title	The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.
title_short	The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.
title_full	The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.
title_fullStr	The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.
title_full_unstemmed	The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.
title_sort	moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/f3fe33f89bff49a2ad1f2c8fadbad239
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The moderating effects of sex and age on the association between traumatic brain injury and harmful psychological correlates among adolescents.

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