Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling

A method for image analysis was implemented to determine the edge pixels of two biopolymer-based thermoplastic filaments during their hot melt isothermal sintering at 120 °C. Successive inverted ellipses are adjusted to the contour of the sintered filaments and lead to the identification of the para...

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Autores principales:	Laurent Chaunier, Anne-Laure Réguerre, Eric Leroy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	biopolymer fusion-bonding morphological image processing parametric equations viscous sintering Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f4311e0c3d944d4ca5303b85a876a9e2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f4311e0c3d944d4ca5303b85a876a9e22021-11-25T18:48:49ZContour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling10.3390/polym132239652073-4360https://doaj.org/article/f4311e0c3d944d4ca5303b85a876a9e22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3965https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360A method for image analysis was implemented to determine the edge pixels of two biopolymer-based thermoplastic filaments during their hot melt isothermal sintering at 120 °C. Successive inverted ellipses are adjusted to the contour of the sintered filaments and lead to the identification of the parameters of the corresponding lemniscates of Booth. The different steps of the morphological image analysis are detailed, from 8-bit coded acquired images (1 frame/s), to the final fitting of the optimized mathematical functions describing the evolution of the filaments envelope. The complete sequence is composed of an initial pure viscous sintering step during the first minute, followed by viscoelastic swelling combined with melt spreading for a longer time, and then the stabilization of the sintered filaments shape for over 2 min at high temperatures. Using a master curve obtained from Hopper’s abacus, the characteristic viscous sintering time is assessed at <i>t<sub>vs</sub></i> = 78 s, confirming the one previously found based on the measurement of the bonding neck length alone. Then, the full description of the evolution of the thermoplastic filaments envelope is assessable by image analysis during sintering trials as a result of its digital modeling as successive lemniscates of Booth, reflecting geometry changes in the molten state.Laurent ChaunierAnne-Laure RéguerreEric LeroyMDPI AGarticlebiopolymerfusion-bondingmorphological image processingparametric equationsviscous sinteringOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3965, p 3965 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biopolymer fusion-bonding morphological image processing parametric equations viscous sintering Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	biopolymer fusion-bonding morphological image processing parametric equations viscous sintering Organic chemistry QD241-441 Laurent Chaunier Anne-Laure Réguerre Eric Leroy Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling
description	A method for image analysis was implemented to determine the edge pixels of two biopolymer-based thermoplastic filaments during their hot melt isothermal sintering at 120 °C. Successive inverted ellipses are adjusted to the contour of the sintered filaments and lead to the identification of the parameters of the corresponding lemniscates of Booth. The different steps of the morphological image analysis are detailed, from 8-bit coded acquired images (1 frame/s), to the final fitting of the optimized mathematical functions describing the evolution of the filaments envelope. The complete sequence is composed of an initial pure viscous sintering step during the first minute, followed by viscoelastic swelling combined with melt spreading for a longer time, and then the stabilization of the sintered filaments shape for over 2 min at high temperatures. Using a master curve obtained from Hopper’s abacus, the characteristic viscous sintering time is assessed at <i>t<sub>vs</sub></i> = 78 s, confirming the one previously found based on the measurement of the bonding neck length alone. Then, the full description of the evolution of the thermoplastic filaments envelope is assessable by image analysis during sintering trials as a result of its digital modeling as successive lemniscates of Booth, reflecting geometry changes in the molten state.
format	article
author	Laurent Chaunier Anne-Laure Réguerre Eric Leroy
author_facet	Laurent Chaunier Anne-Laure Réguerre Eric Leroy
author_sort	Laurent Chaunier
title	Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling
title_short	Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling
title_full	Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling
title_fullStr	Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling
title_full_unstemmed	Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling
title_sort	contour fitting of fused filaments cross-section images by lemniscates of booth: application to viscous sintering kinetics modeling
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f4311e0c3d944d4ca5303b85a876a9e2
work_keys_str_mv	AT laurentchaunier contourfittingoffusedfilamentscrosssectionimagesbylemniscatesofboothapplicationtoviscoussinteringkineticsmodeling AT annelaurereguerre contourfittingoffusedfilamentscrosssectionimagesbylemniscatesofboothapplicationtoviscoussinteringkineticsmodeling AT ericleroy contourfittingoffusedfilamentscrosssectionimagesbylemniscatesofboothapplicationtoviscoussinteringkineticsmodeling
_version_	1718410687958482944

Contour Fitting of Fused Filaments Cross-Section Images by Lemniscates of Booth: Application to Viscous Sintering Kinetics Modeling

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