Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots

The longitudinal pattern of root aerenchyma formation of its relationship with the function of adventitious roots in rice remains unclear. In this study, the percentage of the aerenchyma area to the cross-sectional area (i.e., aerenchyma percentage) was fit with four non-linear models, namely, W0-Go...

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Autores principales:	Yun Chen, Guoming Li, Buhong Zhao, Yajun Zhang, Kun Liu, Priyadarshani Nadeeshika Samarawickrama, Xiaoxia Wu, Bing Lv, Lijun Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	rice root aerenchyma longitudinal pattern Gompertz model reparameterization Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f44529b1064e43c8acba950139dc0831
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f44529b1064e43c8acba950139dc08312021-12-01T16:19:23ZLongitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.776971https://doaj.org/article/f44529b1064e43c8acba950139dc08312021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.776971/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XThe longitudinal pattern of root aerenchyma formation of its relationship with the function of adventitious roots in rice remains unclear. In this study, the percentage of the aerenchyma area to the cross-sectional area (i.e., aerenchyma percentage) was fit with four non-linear models, namely, W0-Gompertz, Ti-Gompertz, logistic, and von Bertalanffy. Goodness-of-fit criteria such as the R2, the Akaike information criterion (AIC), and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to select the model. The bias of the parameters was evaluated using the difference between the ordinary least squares-based parameter estimates and the mean of 1,000 bootstrap-based parameter estimates and the symmetry of the distributions of these parameters. The results showed that the Ti-Gompertz model, which had a high goodness-of-fit with an R2 close to 1, lower AIC and BIC values, parameter estimates close to being unbiased, and good linear approximation, provided the best fit for the longitude pattern of rice aerenchyma formation with different root lengths among the competing models. Using the second- and third-order derivatives according to the distance from the root apex, the critical points of Ti-Gompertz were calculated. The rapid stage for aerenchyma formation was from the maximum acceleration point (1.38–1.76 cm from the root apex) to the maximum deceleration point (3.13–4.19 cm from the root apex). In this stage, the aerenchyma percentage increased by 5.3–15.7% per cm, suggesting that the cortical cells tended to die rapidly for the aerenchyma formation rather than for the respiration cost during this stage. Meanwhile, the volume of the aerenchyma of the entire roots could be computed using the integral function of the Ti-Gompertz model. We proposed that the longitudinal pattern of root aerenchyma formation modeled by the Ti-Gompertz model helped to deeply understand the relationship between the anatomical traits and physiological function in rice adventitious roots.Yun ChenYun ChenGuoming LiBuhong ZhaoYajun ZhangKun LiuPriyadarshani Nadeeshika SamarawickramaXiaoxia WuBing LvLijun LiuFrontiers Media S.A.articlerice rootaerenchymalongitudinal patternGompertz modelreparameterizationPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	rice root aerenchyma longitudinal pattern Gompertz model reparameterization Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	rice root aerenchyma longitudinal pattern Gompertz model reparameterization Plant culture SB1-1110 Yun Chen Yun Chen Guoming Li Buhong Zhao Yajun Zhang Kun Liu Priyadarshani Nadeeshika Samarawickrama Xiaoxia Wu Bing Lv Lijun Liu Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots
description	The longitudinal pattern of root aerenchyma formation of its relationship with the function of adventitious roots in rice remains unclear. In this study, the percentage of the aerenchyma area to the cross-sectional area (i.e., aerenchyma percentage) was fit with four non-linear models, namely, W0-Gompertz, Ti-Gompertz, logistic, and von Bertalanffy. Goodness-of-fit criteria such as the R2, the Akaike information criterion (AIC), and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to select the model. The bias of the parameters was evaluated using the difference between the ordinary least squares-based parameter estimates and the mean of 1,000 bootstrap-based parameter estimates and the symmetry of the distributions of these parameters. The results showed that the Ti-Gompertz model, which had a high goodness-of-fit with an R2 close to 1, lower AIC and BIC values, parameter estimates close to being unbiased, and good linear approximation, provided the best fit for the longitude pattern of rice aerenchyma formation with different root lengths among the competing models. Using the second- and third-order derivatives according to the distance from the root apex, the critical points of Ti-Gompertz were calculated. The rapid stage for aerenchyma formation was from the maximum acceleration point (1.38–1.76 cm from the root apex) to the maximum deceleration point (3.13–4.19 cm from the root apex). In this stage, the aerenchyma percentage increased by 5.3–15.7% per cm, suggesting that the cortical cells tended to die rapidly for the aerenchyma formation rather than for the respiration cost during this stage. Meanwhile, the volume of the aerenchyma of the entire roots could be computed using the integral function of the Ti-Gompertz model. We proposed that the longitudinal pattern of root aerenchyma formation modeled by the Ti-Gompertz model helped to deeply understand the relationship between the anatomical traits and physiological function in rice adventitious roots.
format	article
author	Yun Chen Yun Chen Guoming Li Buhong Zhao Yajun Zhang Kun Liu Priyadarshani Nadeeshika Samarawickrama Xiaoxia Wu Bing Lv Lijun Liu
author_facet	Yun Chen Yun Chen Guoming Li Buhong Zhao Yajun Zhang Kun Liu Priyadarshani Nadeeshika Samarawickrama Xiaoxia Wu Bing Lv Lijun Liu
author_sort	Yun Chen
title	Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots
title_short	Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots
title_full	Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots
title_fullStr	Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots
title_full_unstemmed	Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots
title_sort	longitudinal pattern of aerenchyma formation using the ti-gompertz model in rice adventitious roots
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f44529b1064e43c8acba950139dc0831
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Longitudinal Pattern of Aerenchyma Formation Using the Ti-Gompertz Model in Rice Adventitious Roots

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